1. ELECTRON MOVING AT CONSTANT VELOCITY
ELECTRON AT REST
ELECTROSTATIC FIELD
NO MAGNETIC FIELD
ELECTRON MOVING AT CONSTANT VELOCITY
STATIC
MAGNETIC
FIELD

2. ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION = LIGHT
ACCELERATING ELECTRON (LINEAR)
SLOW
FAST
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION = LIGHT

3. SLOW ELECTRON MOVING IN A CIRCLE
(LOW ENERGY ELECTRON)
Acceleration
LIGHT

4. FAST ELECTRON MOVING IN A CIRCLE (RELATIVISTIC HIGH ENERGY ELECTRON
NEAR THE SPEED OF LIGHT)
EXTREMELY INTENSE
HIGHLY COLLIMATED
BROAD BANDWIDTH
LIGHT

5. Dipole radiation ”doughnut” moving at speed of light towards the observer collapses to a narrow cone

6. Bend magnet, Wiggler, Undulator

7. Undulator magnet structure and electron trajectory

8. Undulator: Pencil beam
Synchrotron Electrons Circulate in a Storage Ring
Bending Magnet:
Fan beam
Bending
Magnet
Electron
Beam
Synchrotron
Storage
Ring
Insertion
Device
Magnet
Radio
Frequency
Cavity
Insertion Device:
Wiggler: Fan beam
Undulator: Pencil beam
Vacuum
Chamber

9. Flashlight – low brightness
Divergent Beam
Low Intensity
Large Source
Synchrotron – high brightness
Extreme Collimation
Extremely High Intensity
Tiny Source
Insertion Device:
Array of magnets

11. MAX IV and Schematic Beamline
1.4 GeV
Ring
3 GeV Ring B
Front End
X-ray Optics
Experiment
Hutches
Data &
Control
Insertion
Device
Electron
Gun
Linac
Beam Transport
Beamline:
Front end,
Beam transport pipes
Optics
Experiment hutches
Data and control areas

12. MAX IV and Schematic Beamline
LINAC
e-Beam
1.4 GeV
Ring
3 GeV Ring
Front End
X-ray Optics
Experiment
Hutches
Data &
Control
Insertion
Device
Electron
Gun
Beam Transport

13. MAX IV and Schematic Beamline
1.4 GeV
Ring
3 GeV Ring
Stored e-Beam
Front End
X-ray Optics
Experiment
Hutches
Data &
Control
Insertion
Device
Electron
Gun
Beam Transport

14. MAX IV and Schematic Beamline
1.4 GeV
Ring
3 GeV Ring
Stored e-Beam
Front End
X-ray Optics
Experiment
Hutches
Data &
Control
X-Rays
Insertion
Device
Electron
Gun

15. 18.5 mm period undulator at MAX IV

16. 80 mm period hybrid wiggler at MAX IV

17. Bent perfect crystals act as lenses with variable energy bandpass

18. Beam expander at BMIT of CLS

19. Focusing by refractive compound lenses

20. Compound 1D and 2D refractive lenses are used for focusing, beam expansion, and ”pink beam” monochromators

21. Canadian Lightsource Experimental Hall and Beamline
Shield Wall
First Radiation Enclosure
Beamline
SGM PGM beamline at the CLS. The beamline closest to us is the SGM line (spherical grating monochromater) while the PGM beamline actually splits into two (plane grating monochromater).
These are the first of the beamlines scheduled to be ready for Users in The types of research that will be conducted on the PGM beamline includes the physics and chemistry of nanostructures, surfaces and thin films (such as for catalysts and optoelectronics) The SGM beamline will be conducting experiments in the UV and X-ray spectra and is useful for studying materials with low atomic numbers.

22. Typical Biomedical Beamline
Front-End
Shutters,
Apertures,
Position-
Monitors.
Shielding
Storage Ring
X-ray Source
White SR Beam
.001 – 105 eV
Monochromator
ΔE/E = 10-3 – 10-4
Gratings, Crystals
White Light
Mirrors
Zone Plates
Focusing
~μm2 – cm2
Experiment &
End Station
Sample,
Patient,
Detectors
Image
Display

23. Compact Compton Source