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Jets as a probe of the Quark Gluon Plasma Jets as a probe of the Quark Gluon Plasma Christine Nattrass Yale University Goldhaber Lecture 2008 Christine.

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Presentation on theme: "Jets as a probe of the Quark Gluon Plasma Jets as a probe of the Quark Gluon Plasma Christine Nattrass Yale University Goldhaber Lecture 2008 Christine."— Presentation transcript:

1 Jets as a probe of the Quark Gluon Plasma Jets as a probe of the Quark Gluon Plasma Christine Nattrass Yale University Goldhaber Lecture 2008 Christine Nattrass Yale University Goldhaber Lecture 2008

2 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 2 Outline What is a quark gluon plasma? Why do we want to study it? How do we study it? What have we learned? Conclusions

3 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 3 The structure of matter http://www.ehs.utoronto.ca/services/radiation/radtraining/module1.htm

4 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 4 Who was Gertrude Goldhaber? Gertrude Scharff Goldhaber July 14, 1911 — February 2, 1998 http://cwp.library.ucla.edu/Phase2/Goldhaber,_Gertr ude_Scharff@812345678.html http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Beta-minus_Decay.svg http://universe-review.ca/I14-05-nuclearenergy.jpg http://www.nap.edu/html/biomems/ggoldhaber.html Beta decay – demonstrated that the beta particle was an electron Shell model – provided experimental evidence for closed shells in heavy nuclei Created first 3-D plot

5 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 5 Nucleons – the proton and neutron NeutronProton http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Quark_structure_neutron.svg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Quark_structure_proton.svg

6 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 6 Other particles - hadrons Baryons Mesons

7 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 7 The Standard Model Electromagnetic force http://e4.physik.uni-dortmund.de/bin/view/ATLAS/SmBilder?PhotoarchivePlugin_page=1&PhotoarchivePlugin_view=detailed Strong force Weak force

8 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 8 What keeps the nucleus together? distance strength Electromagnetic force Strongforce

9 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 9 How to make a Quark Gluon Plasma

10 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 10 Evolution of the Universe Reheating Matter ?The universe gets cooler ! ? Need temperatures around 1.5·10 12 K ~10 6 times hotter than the core of the sun 10 6 yrs 3 min 6 sec 2·10 -6 sec 2 10 -10 sec 10 -35 sec 10 9 yrs ? 10 -44 sec

11 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 11 A heavy ion collision Relativistic pancakes Quark soup Explosive hadron soda

12 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 12 Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider STAR PHENIX PHOBOSBRAHMS1.2k

13 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 13 The STAR detector ~4m~4m ~4m~4m Over 1,200 tons

14 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 14 Peripheral collision

15 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 15 Central collision ~2000 tracks

16 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 16 What are jets? proton Jets –hard scattering of partons (quarks and gluons)‏ Studied in dozens of experiments

17 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 17 Jets – azimuthal correlations trigger Phys Rev Lett 90, 082302 p+p  dijet

18 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 18 Jets – azimuthal correlations p+p  dijet

19 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 19 Looking in two dimensions d+Au

20 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 20 In two dimensions in Au+Au nucl-ex/0701074

21 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 21 What I've studied nucl-ex/0701074 Different systems and energies Cu+Cu √ s NN = 200 GeV Cu+Cu √ s NN = 62 GeV Au+Au √ s NN = 62 GeV Different particles K 0 S,, Results: Jet looks like p+p, Ridge looks like the rest of the A+A collision Ridge grows with energy The fewer nucleons in the collision, the smaller the Ridge

22 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 22 Conclusions If we get nuclear matter dense enough, we make a new phase of matter This quark gluon plasma is similar to what was present in the early universe We can produce a QGP in heavy ion collisions We can study it using probes such as jets proton

23 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 23 Conclusions We see evidence of a hot, dense medium from studying jets at RHIC One of the jets almost disappears The other jet is modified dramatically

24 Christine Nattrass (Yale), Goldhaber Seminar, BNL, May 23, 2008 24 Many, many thanks to John Harris Helen Caines Jana Bielcikova The entire Yale group, past and present STAR

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