1. İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ AÇIK VE UZAKTAN EĞİTİM FAKÜLTESİ İNGİLİZCE YABANCI DİL-1

2. 1 Topics to be Covered 3.1. Singular / Plural Nouns 3.2. This / That – These / Those 3.3. Daily Life English 3. SINGULAR / PLURAL NOUNS

3. 2 3.1. SINGULAR / PLURAL NOUNS a book two books a chair three chairs an apple four apples

4. 3 For singular nouns, use a before consonants (b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z) a pen, a chair, a student, a teacher, …. Use an before vowels (a, e, i, o, u) an apple, an ice cream, an animal, an engineer, an eraser… We form the plural of most nouns by adding - s. book------- book s picture------- picture s tree ------- tree s dolphin------- dolphin s 3.1. SINGULAR / PLURAL NOUNS

5. 4 a brush four brushes a bookshelf two bookshelves a baby three babies

6. 5 3.1. SINGULAR / PLURAL NOUNS We form the plural of nouns ending in s, z, ch, sh, and x by adding es: bus---- buses brush---- brushessandwich---- sandwiches box--------boxes quiz---- quizes Also potato--------potatoes tomato---- tomatoes For nouns ending in f, we change f to v and add es : Bookshelf---- bookshelves Knife ----- knives

7. 6 3.1. SINGULAR / PLURAL NOUNS For nouns ending in consonant+y, we change the y to ie and add s : Baby ----- babies Dictionary ----- dictionaries Some nouns have irregular plural forms: Man ------ men Woman ------women Child ----- children Foot ------ feet Tooth ----- teeth

8. 7 3.1. SINGULAR / PLURAL NOUNS Following things are plural in English: glasses trousers jeans pyjamas scissors We can also say a pair of - or some with them: I need a pair of pyjamas.You need some new jeans. -I wear glasses.-Where are the scissors ? I need them.

9. 8 3.2. This / That – These / Those This/that these/those 1.Is it close or far? 2.Is it one or more? closefar onethisthat morethesethose

10. 9 3.2. This / That – These / Those

11. 10 3.2. This / That – These / Those a-) I have a key in my hand. This key is grey. b-) I see a key on the desk. That key is green. c-) This key is my key. My key is grey. d-) That key is your key. Your key is green.

12. 11 3.2. This / That – These / Those a-) These are my books. b-) Those people are tourists. c-) These flowers are for you. d-) Those apples look nice!

13. 12 3.2. This / That – These / Those More examples: -This is a book. - Do you like this picture? - This hotel is expensive! - This is not my car. That is my car. - Those people are my students. - This is my brother and that is my sister. - Those postcards are old.

14. 13 3.2. This / That – These / Those Also, *** We use this is … and is that… ? on the telephone: Hello, this is Nurcan. (this = the speaker) Is that Sarah? (that = the other person) *** We use this is … to introduce people: A: David, this is Nunan. B: Hello Nunan – (I’m) pleased to meet you. C: Hello.

15. 14 3.3. Daily Life English Youssouf works in a bank. I have got a toy. He is waiting for a taxi. It is a beautiful day. Can I ask a question?

16. 15 3.3. Daily Life English Football is a game. New York is a city. Beethoven was a composer. A horse is an animal. Are you an engineer?

17. 16 - What is your job? - I am a farmer. What about you? - I am a doc. - Sorry, I do not understand?! - Oh, I am a doctor. Mr Fellow is a strange person. He is an old man and he studies at a university. Well, I live in a house but he lives in a hotel. He feeds a dog, a cat, some fish, and a parrot. He eats some apples everyday and he always wears a pair of jeans! 3.3. Daily Life English

18. 17 3.3. Daily Life English Look at those birds! Excuse me, is this seat free? These glasses are not dirty. (at a bazaar) A:How much are these ornaments? B: 5 TL each, sir. (on the telephone) A:Hello,Suzan. This is Michael. B: Oh, hi Michael. How are you?

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