1. IT Fundamentals1 Input and Output Describe input Input Devices Keyboard entry, pointing devices, scanning devices Image capture, digitizing, audio-input devices Output Monitors, printers, audio output Combination input and output devices

2. IT Fundamentals2 INPUT  INPUT Input is any data or instructions entered into the memory of a computer.  Input Devices An input device is any hardware component that allows users to enter data or instructions, programs, commands and user responses into a computer. Translate what language people understand into a form that computer can process  keyboard, mouse, stylus, digital pen, microphone, digital camera and scanner, audio input device.

3. IT Fundamentals3 Keyboard Entry Translate numbers, letters and special characters 3 types of keyboard –Traditional keyboard –Space-saving folding keyboards –Ergonomic keyboard

4. IT Fundamentals4 Keyboard Entry Traditional keyboard ESC: escape key, cancel a selection or a procedure –Function keys: shortcut for specific tasks –Numeric keypad numbers, arithmetic symbols Controls cursor or insertion point –Navigation keys Controls cursor or insertion point –Windows key: displays the start menu –Spacebar: enters blank spaces between characters –Caps lock: toggle key –Ctrl, shift key: combination keys

5. IT Fundamentals5 Pointing devices The most natural gestures of human Many kinds of pointing devices –Mouse Mechanical mouse –Left button –Right button –Roller ball Optical mouse Cordless or wireless mouse –Something similar to mouse Trackball(roller ball) Touchpad Pointing stick

6. IT Fundamentals6 Pointing devices Many kinds of pointing devices –Joystick Primary used for games –Touch screen Touch-sensitive display device. Users interface with these devices by touching areas of the screen with a finger

7. IT Fundamentals7 pointing devices –Light pen Light-sensitive penlike device –Stylus pen –digital pen

8. IT Fundamentals8 Examples of Direct Entry Input Devices(1) Scanner Also called optical scanner, is a light-sensing input device that reads printed text and graphics and then translates the results into a form the computer can process.  Flatbed 、 Pen 、 Sheet-fed 、 Drum

9. IT Fundamentals9 Barcode Readers A bar code scanner is an optical reader that uses laser beams to read bar codes. It is an identification code that consists of a set of vertical lines and spaces of different widths. The bar code represents data that identifies the manufacturer and the item.

10. IT Fundamentals10 Character and mark recognition devices –Scanners that are able to recognize special characters and marks. –3 types Magnetic-ink character recognition (MICR) Optical-character recognition (OCR) Optical-mark recognition (OMR), mark sensing

11. IT Fundamentals11 MICR Application of OMR OCR

12. IT Fundamentals12 Image capturing devices Create or capture original images Digital cameras –Images are recorded digitally on a disk or in the cameras memory –Take a picture, view it immediately Digital video cameras –Record motion digitally Webcams –Specialized digital video cameras

13. IT Fundamentals13 Digitizing devices Convert a sketch or figure into a form that can be processed by a computer Consist of flat surface and a writing device 2 kinds of digitizing devices –Graphic tablets Used by artists, mapmakers, engineers –Digital notebooks Use a notepad positioned on top of an electronic pad or tablet Electronic pad records the notes taken and drawings created by regular pen

14. IT Fundamentals14 Graphic tablets Digital notebook

15. IT Fundamentals15 Audio-input devices Convert sounds for processing –Microphone Voice recognition systems –Use a microphone, sound card, special software –2 types of voice recognition systems Discrete-speech recognition systems –Can recognize individual words –Cannot distinguish between same-sound words Continuous-speech recognition systems –Distinguish between same-sound words by evaluating the context –Example:IBM Via Voice

16. IT Fundamentals16 Voice recognition system and dictating a paper Preparing –Create your personal user profile,which will store your speech patterns –Read prearranged standard text to teach the software your unique speech patterns –Refine your profile to include specialized vocabulary Using a microphone, dictating the text in word Surfing –Start internet explore –Go to address www.yahoo.com.www.yahoo.com –Click auctions

17. IT Fundamentals17 Examples of Direct Entry Input Devices(2) Data Collection Device obtains data directly at the location where the transaction or event takes place. Sensors encode a physical event into data pressure sensor temperature sensor

18. IT Fundamentals18 Terminals a device that enables you to communicate with a computer. Generally, a terminal is a combination of keyboard and display screen Point-of-Sale Terminals(POS) The POS transaction is captured using a variety of devices which include computers, cash registers, optical and bar code scanners, magnetic card readers, or any combination of these devices.

19. IT Fundamentals19 Terminals

20. IT Fundamentals20 Terminals Automated Teller Machine (ATM) A computerized telecommunications device that provides the customers of a financial institution with access to financial transactions in a public space without the need for a human clerk or bank teller. On most modern ATMs, the customer is identified by inserting a plastic ATM card with a magnetic stripe or a plastic smartcard with a chip, which contains a unique card number and some security information, such as an expiration date. Security is provided by the customer entering a personal identification number (PIN).

21. IT Fundamentals21 Terminals ATM

22. IT Fundamentals22 Terminals Smart Displays Smart Display was a Microsoft initiative to use a portable touchscreen LCD monitor as a thin client for PCs, connecting via Wi-Fi(Wireless Fidelity)

23. IT Fundamentals23 Biometric Input Biometrics the study of measurable biological characteristics. In computer security, biometrics refers to authentication techniques that rely on measurable physical characteristics that can be automatically checked several types of biometric identification schemes

24. IT Fundamentals24 Biometric Input Biometric devices A biometric device is a device that translates a personal characteristic into a digital code that is compared with a digital code stored in a computer Biometric Flash Disk device

25. IT Fundamentals25 User Interface(UI)  The junction between a user and a computer program. (1) A command-driven interface (2) A menu-driven interface:  Graphical User Interfaces (GUI)