1. Animal Models in Immunology Adam Brown and Teresa Fulk

2. Nude Mouse Discovered in 1962. Is hairless, and more importantly, lacks a thymus. Homozygous for recessive trait called “nu” Immunodeficient since it can’t produce T-cells and lymphocytes. This allows for implantation of human tumor cells into mouse without rejection.

3. Scid Mouse Def. “A laboratory animal that, lacking an enzyme necessary to fashion an immune system of its own, can be turned into a model of the human immune system when injected with human cells or tissues.” Discovered in 1983. S.C.I.D. – Severe combined immune deficiency Found to be more immunodeficient than nude mice Used as a blank slate immune system. Used in oncology, immunology, infectious disease, rejection of tissue transplants.

4. Transgenic or Knock-out Mouse Mouse that has DNA artificially transmitted into it. Are produced from genetically engineered embryos. Through breeding, strains of mice created with desired traits.

5. References http://www.immunecentral.com/immune- system/iss29.cfmhttp://www.immunecentral.com/immune- system/iss29.cfm http://www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/Animal_Alternati ves/cancer.htmhttp://www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/Animal_Alternati ves/cancer.htm http://home.comcast.net/~john.kimball1/BiologyP ages/N/NudeMouse.htmlhttp://home.comcast.net/~john.kimball1/BiologyP ages/N/NudeMouse.html http://darwin.bio.uci.edu/~tjf/tmf_tgms.html http://www.uac.arizona.edu/VSC443/rodentmod els/rodentmodel06.htmlhttp://www.uac.arizona.edu/VSC443/rodentmod els/rodentmodel06.html http://www.accessexcellence.org/RC/VL/GG/tran sgenic.html