1. TASHKENT MEDICAL ACADEMY
Department of Bioorganic and Biological Chemistry
Bioorganic chemistry
I COURSE
SUBJECT : Lipids. Saponifiable lipids
LECTURE №14
LECTURER : PROFESSOR A.D.DZHURAEV

2. PURPOSE OF LECTURES:
Form of knowledge of the structure and chemical properties of saponifiable lipids and their structural components such as the chemical basis for the study of biological membranes and processes of lipid metabolism.

3. The questions of: Lipids. Determination of saponifiable lipids.
Simple lipids. Fats, oils and waxes. The types and properties of fatty acids comprising the saponifiable lipids.
Complex lipids. The structure of phospholipids, sphingolipids, and glycolipids.
Saponifiable lipids and properties of its structural components.

4. Determination of lipids
Lipids - a group of substances found in the tissues of plants and animals, not very soluble in water and soluble in low-polarity solvents.
The functions of lipids -
1. energy Sources
2. protective
3.stroitelny material of cell membranes

5. Classification saponifiable lipids

6. Saturated acid: C14 CН3(CН2)12COOН, C13 Н27COOН - myristic
C CН3(CН2)14COOН, C15 Н31COOН - palmitic
C CН3(CН2)16COOН, C17 Н 35COOН - stearic
C CН3(CН2)18COOН, C19 Н39COOН - arachidonic

7. Unsaturated acids C18:1 C17Н33COOН - oleic C18:2 C17Н31COOН - linoleic
C18: C17Н29COOН - linolenic
C18: C1 9Н31COOН - arachidonic

8. Pro – Stain Acid

9. Palmitic acid C H 3 O + 7 2
2[H] 15 31 14
Palmitic acid

10. Simple lipids Waxes Remainder of cetyl alcohol
Остаток мирицилового спирта

11. Fats and oils
Triolein
- oleo-- palmityl-1- stearin

12. Glycerophospholipids
Complex lipids
phospholipids
Glycerophospholipids
Glycerophosphate
dehydrogenase
L-glycero-3-phosphate
dihydrogen acetone

13. Sphingolipids
ceramide
sphingosine
sphingomyelin

14. Glycolipids
ceramide residue
galaktotserebrozid

15. Composition and properties of saponifiable lipids
Tsetilpalmitat
palmitic acid
cetyl alcohol
1-2-palmito oleostearin
soap
phosphatidyl kolamin (Kefalonia)

16. The addition reaction:
Tristearin (salomas)
Triolein

17. Oxidation reaction
hydroperoxide
break

18. Oxidation of unsaturated acids
peroxy acid
oleic acid
9,10-эпоксистеариновая кислота

19. Oxidation of oleic acid
pelargonic acid
oleic acid
azelaic acid