1. OUR SUN

2. Solar Nebula: - Cloud of gas and dust that developed into the solar system. - Our Sun was developed as a star from the burning of Hydrogen gas. Nebular Theory - Accepted idea that the sun and the planets condensed out of a spinning cloud of gas and dust.

3. OUR SUN WORK ON: - Objectives 4.02 + 4.03 - Begins on page 571 of your book

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7. OUR SUN

8. Core  Hydrogen fusion  H + H → He + energy

9. Radiative Zone  Energy travels outward from core along electromagnetic (EM) radiation  R-M-I-V-U-X-G  “Random walk” of photons

10. CONVECTIVE ZONE  Convection currents  Hot gases rise to surface, cooler gases sink

11. Photosphere  Solar surface  Granular texture  Sunspots appear Granulation Clip

14. Chromosphere  Solar atmosphere  Solar storm activity observed

15. Chromosphere

16. CORONA  “Crown”  Seen only during solar eclipses  Heated by magnetic field  Solar wind

18. The SUN Explained (further)  Please take out your SUN Objective notes

19. Atomic Structure of Sun’s Core  Hydrogen Atoms (H) splitting to Helium (He) Atoms  Causes a great amount of energy  See 5 step process in book page 572

20. 5-step process of Nuclear Fusion

21. Sunspots  Cool, dark areas of gas within the photosphere.  Caused by powerful magnetic fields.  Slows down convection currents to the Photosphere, causing a cooling of certain areas of the surface.

23. Solar Prominence: - Cloud of glowing gases that arches high above sun’s surface.

26. Granulation  caused by the convection, or `bubbling' of the sun.

27. Solar wind  Ions are so hot, gravity can’t hold them onto the sun

28. Solar flare  Violent eruptions of plasma and EM photons

29. Solar Flare

30. Coronal Mass Ejection  Massive burst of Solar Wind (above the Corona) being released into Space.

31. Solar Storms and Aurora’s on Earth

33. AURORAS (Northern lights)

34. Aurora Borealis Northwest Territories, Canada

35. MENOMINEE, MI (OCT 11,2001) FINLAND (OCT 1, 2001)

37. Aurora over Lake Superior

39. AURORA BOREALIS

40. Michiga n

41. Solar activity gets ejected from the sun, Solar Winds carry them through space (towards Earth and other planets), Earth’s Magnetosphere protects the earth by diverting solar winds to the North + South poles, as a result we see Aurora’s (Northern/Southern Lights)

42. DAILY SOLAR FORECASTS

44. Describe the Sunspot cycle  Sunspot (Solar Cycle)  11 Year cycle  Max to Max (min to min) = 11 years  Last Max = 2008  Influences solar activity heading towards Earth (more Aurora’s)

46.  Go to your LAB GROUPS  Sun Review Use p. 571 of your book for help.