2. chomp! This presentation is brought to you by Grammar Bytes This presentation is brought to you by Grammar Bytes

3. Verb Forms I know you can say hook, hooked... I know you can say hook, hooked... But can you say took, tooked ? But can you say took, tooked ?

4. This presentation covers the use of standard regular and irregular verb forms. This presentation covers the use of standard regular and irregular verb forms.

5. What Are Regular Verbs Most verbs are regular verbs. Regular verbs are those whose past tense and past participles are formed by adding a -d or an - ed to the end of the verb.  "To roll" is a good example of a regular verb:  roll, rolled, rolled  Sometimes the last consonant must be doubled before adding the -ed ending. For example:  plan, planned, planned

6. What Are Irregular Verbs There is no formula to predict how an irregular verb will form its past-tense and past-participle forms. There are over 250 irregular verbs in English. Although they do not follow a formula, there are some fairly common irregular forms. Some of these forms are:  break, broke, broken  cut, cut, cut  run, ran, run  meet, met, met  come, came, come  repay, repaid, repaid  swim, swam, swum  be was/were been

7. Sample Item Thomas sang along until the CD ended; then as he was choosing a new disk, he lost control of the car and drived into a ditch. A.sung B.chosing C.drove D.No change is necessary. Thomas sang along until the CD ended; then as A he was choosing a new disk, he lost control of B the car and drived into a ditch. C A.sung B.chosing C.drove D.No change is necessary. Thomas sang along until the CD ended; then as A he was choosing a new disk, he lost control of B the car and drove into a ditch. C A.sung B.chosing C.drove D.No change is necessary. Is sang, choosing, or drived a badly formed verb? Is sang, choosing, or drived a badly formed verb? Drived is incorrect, which option C fixes. Drived is incorrect, which option C fixes.

8. What Are Participles?  A participle is a word formed from a verb which can be used as an adjective.  The two types of participles are the present participle (ending ing) and the past participle (usually ending -ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n).  Here are some participles being used as adjectives: The VerbThe Past ParticipleThe Present Participle To risethe risen sunthe rising sun To boilthe boiled waterthe boiling water To breakthe broken newsthe breaking news To cookthe cooked meatthe cooking meat

9. Regular verbs have reliable forms. Simple Present Simple Past Past Participle Present Participle laugh(s)laughed laughing start(s)started starting travel(s)traveled traveling Or to fish, fish(es), fished, fished, fishing ! Or to fish, fish(es), fished, fishing !

10. Irregular verbs, however, have no consistent patterns. Simple Present Simple Past Past Participle Present Participle drive(s)drovedrivendriving think(s)thought thinking drink(s)drankdrunkdrinking swim(s)swamswumswimming For example, to catch, catch(es), caught, caught, catching ! For example, to catch, catch(es), caught, catching !

11. When in doubt, rely on “gut” feelings. Hey, I’ve seen that verb before! Hey, I’ve seen that verb before! Your eyes have seen in print — and your brain has registered — all of the possible verb forms that you will encounter for this skill. If you don’t recognize the right answer, go with the one that feels right.

12. Instead of skipping class to go fishing, Yolanda should of studied for her accounting exam. Don’t confuse of and have. My grade was a disaster! My grade was a disaster! Instead of skipping class to go fishing, Yolanda should have studied for her accounting exam.

13. Confirm that used to is in the past tense. Now that he’s older, Fred has a full-time job, but he use to spend his summers fishing. You’re a bad influence! You’re a bad influence! Now that he’s older, Fred has a full-time job, but he used to spend his summers fishing.

14. Quick Test Directions: In the items that follow, choose the option that corrects an error in the underlined portion(s). If no error exists, choose “No change is necessary.” Show me what you know. Show me what you know.

15. Item 1 We knew that Charley had hid the cookies in his bedroom, so we stole his key and searched in all the dresser drawers. A.knowed B.hidden C.stealed D.No change is necessary. We knew that Charley had hid the cookies in A B A B his bedroom, so we stole his key and searched in C all the dresser drawers. A.knowed B.hidden C.stealed D.No change is necessary. We knew that Charley had hidden the cookies in A B A B his bedroom, so we stole his key and searched in C all the dresser drawers. A.knowed B.hidden C.stealed D.No change is necessary.

16. Item 2 If we had known that you were serving squid eyeball stew, we would of come for dinner! A.of came B.have came C.have come D.No change is necessary. If we had known that you were serving squid eyeball stew, we would of come for dinner! A.of came B.have came C.have come D.No change is necessary. If we had known that you were serving squid eyeball stew, we would of come for dinner! A.of came B.have came C.have come D.No change is necessary.

17. Item 3 Priscilla use to have a pet parakeet; her mother’s story is that the bird escaped and flew away, but Priscilla believes that the cat ate it. A.used B.flied C.eaten D.No change is necessary. Priscilla use to have a pet parakeet; her mother’s A story is that the bird escaped and flew away, but B Priscilla believes that the cat ate it. C A.used B.flied C.eaten D.No change is necessary. Priscilla used to have a pet parakeet; her mother’s A story is that the bird escaped and flew away, but B Priscilla believes that the cat ate it. C A.used B.flied C.eaten D.No change is necessary.

18. Item 4 Julissa was soaked during the afternoon thunderstorm because she had choosed to walk to school rather than drive. A.chosen B.choosen C.chose D.No change is necessary. Julissa was soaked during the afternoon thunderstorm because she had choosed to walk to school rather than drive. A.chosen B.choosen C.chose D.No change is necessary. Julissa was soaked during the afternoon thunderstorm because she had choosed to walk to school rather than drive. A.chosen B.choosen C.chose D.No change is necessary.

19. Item 5 James brung roses and begged forgiveness, but when Rhonda saw that her ex still hadn’t shaved his ridiculous mustache, she shut the door in his face. A.brought B.seen C.shutted D.No change is necessary. James brung roses and begged forgiveness, but A when Rhonda saw that her ex still hadn’t shaved B his ridiculous mustache, she shut the door in his Cface. A.brought B.seen C.shutted D.No change is necessary. James brought roses and begged forgiveness, but A when Rhonda saw that her ex still hadn’t shaved B his ridiculous mustache, she shut the door in his Cface. A.brought B.seen C.shutted D.No change is necessary.

20. Item 6 If Toby had tooken Charlene’s advice, that bottle of soda wouldn’t have exploded all over the front of his new white shirt. A.took B.tooked C.taken D.No change is necessary. If Toby had tooken Charlene’s advice, that bottle of soda wouldn’t have exploded all over the front of his new white shirt. A.took B.tooked C.taken D.No change is necessary. If Toby had tooken Charlene’s advice, that bottle of soda wouldn’t have exploded all over the front of his new white shirt. A.took B.tooked C.taken D.No change is necessary.

21. Item 7 Cooper laid the 10-page paper on Professor Cook’s desk; he had wrote the last sentence at 2:50 p.m., and then he ran across campus to deliver the work by the 3 o’clock deadline. A.layed B.written C.run D.No change is necessary. Cooper laid the 10-page paper on Professor A Cook’s desk; he had wrote the last sentence at B 2:50 p.m., and then he ran across campus to C deliver the work by the 3 o’clock deadline. A.layed B.written C.run D.No change is necessary. Cooper laid the 10-page paper on Professor A Cook’s desk; he had written the last sentence at B 2:50 p.m., and then he ran across campus to C deliver the work by the 3 o’clock deadline. A.layed B.written C.run D.No change is necessary.

22. Item 8 We would have knowen that Dr. Carlson had moved up the date of the quiz if we attended her calculus class more frequently. A.of knowen B.have known C.have knew D.No change is necessary. We would have knowen that Dr. Carlson had moved up the date of the quiz if we attended her calculus class more frequently. A.of knowen B.have known C.have knew D.No change is necessary. We would have knowen that Dr. Carlson had moved up the date of the quiz if we attended her calculus class more frequently. A.of knowen B.have known C.have knew D.No change is necessary.

23. Item 9 Margaret breaked the cookie and gave half to the young man stuck in the elevator with her; they told stories to pass the time as mechanics worked on the hydraulics. A.broke B.gived C.telled D.No change is necessary. Margaret breaked the cookie and gave half to A B A B the young man stuck in the elevator with her; they told stories to pass the time as mechanics C worked on the hydraulics. A.broke B.gived C.telled D.No change is necessary. Margaret broke the cookie and gave half to A B A B the young man stuck in the elevator with her; they told stories to pass the time as mechanics C worked on the hydraulics. A.broke B.gived C.telled D.No change is necessary.

24. Item 10 Meredith would have went to the concert, but Gregory misplaced the tickets, which they still haven’t found. A.of went B.have gone C.have goed D.No change is necessary. Meredith would have went to the concert, but Gregory misplaced the tickets, which they still haven’t found. A.of went B.have gone C.have goed D.No change is necessary. Meredith would have went to the concert, but Gregory misplaced the tickets, which they still haven’t found. A.of went B.have gone C.have goed D.No change is necessary.

25. chomp! Grammar Bytes! provides additional handouts and exercises on irregular verb forms. Go to chompchomp.com ! Grammar Bytes! provides additional handouts and exercises on irregular verb forms. Go to chompchomp.com !

26. The End. Don’t let the right verb form get away ! Don’t let the right verb form get away !