1. Human Body Systems Lesson 11 Terms and Definitions

2. Characteristics of the lungs Elastic – they can expand and contract Inside is like a sponge –Contains bronchi and alveoli –Alveoli surrounded by capillaries Diffusion of gases occur between the alveoli and the capillaries.

3. Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Exchange

4. Q: How much air can you exhale?

5. Tidal Volume Tidal Volume – The volume of air that is moved in and out of your lungs with each breath. –Avg. adult breath – 500mL of air in and out

6. Average Adult Male Lungs Lungs of avg. adult male –Hold 3000 mL air –Can forcibly inhale an additional 3000 mL Total lung capacity – 6000 mL air

7. Vital Capacity Vital Capacity – the amount of air that a person can forcibly exhale after breathing in as much air as possible. –Avg. adult male – 4800 mL

8. Residual Volume Residual Volume – the amount of air still in the lungs after you force out as much as possible. –Avg adult male – 1200 mL

9. Total Lung Capacity Total Lung Capacity – the sum of vital capacity and residual volume. –The total volume of air the lungs can hold. Avg. healthy adult male 6000 mL.

10. 4800 mL – Vital Capacity +1200 mL – Residual Volume 6000 mL – Total Lung Capacity

11. What affects Vital Capacity? Body size, age, strength of respiratory muscles… Older you get – lungs are less elastic –70 yr old persons 2/3 the vital capacity of a healthy young adult

12. Respiratory Rate The amount of time it takes to breath in and out. –Often determined by respirations per minute Active person – higher respiratory rate Inactive person – lower respiratory rate

13. Macrophages Macrophages – Cells that clean the respiratory tract. –Destroy dust and other harmful things we inhale.