1. The Suzaku Results of the Galactic Center X-rays - Collisinal Excitation or Charge Exchange ? - Katusji Koyama, Kyoto University Nickname Suzaku An Ancient Oriental mythology ASTROE2 Launch: 2005/7/10

2. ３ Main Instrumnets on Suzaku ： HXD, XRS, XIS

3. Resonance (r) 6.703keV 1s2p 1 P 1 Forbidden(f) 6.639keV Δl=0,Δs=1 Fine Structure of Fe 24+ 1s 2 1 S 0 1s2p 3 P 0,1,2 Δl=1,Δs=0 1s2s 3 S 1 Name Transition Energy (eV) --------------------------------------------------------- Resonance (r) 1s2s １ S0-1s2p 1P1 6700.5 Intercombination line (x) 1s2p1S0-1s2p 3P2 6682.4 (y) 1s2p1S0-1s2p 3P01 6667.6 Forbidden line (f) 1s2 1S0-1s2s 3S1 6636.7 -60 mK, 7.0 eV @5.9 keV: World (Universe) Records. But ! The XRS Spectrum on Orbit

4. ASCA 320 ksec (Koyama et al. 1996) Chandra 600ksec (Muno et al.2004) XMM 50 ksec (Tanaka) XIS: The Best Performance as an X-ray CCD Si XIII Kα Si XIV Kα Si XIII Kβ S XV Kα S XVI Kα S XV Kβ Suzaku: 180 ksec

5. Si 12+ Kα Si 12+ Kβ 678 Fe 24+ K α Fe 25+ K α Fe 24+ K β FeKα Ni 26+ K α FeKβ Fe 25+ K β Ni 27+ K α Ni Kα Ar 16+ K β Ar 16+ K α Si 13+ Kα Ca 18+ Kα Ca 19+ Kα Ar 17+ K α S 14+ Kα S 15+ Kα S 14+ Kβ Is the 6.7 keV line Collisional Excitation or Charge Exchange ? 6.4 keV 6.7 keV 2.46 keV

7. He-like Fe K  = 6679 eV Close to 6685eV(  =6eV) Width (  ) = 38 eV (Triplet, not Velocity) Collisional Excitation Name Observed Lab ⊿ (eV) ----------------------------- S Ly  2622.4+3.6-2.7 2621.6 0.8 FeLy  6969.5+2.8-2.1 6965.7 3.8 Mn K  5899.6+1.7-0.4 5895.1 4.5 Collisional Excitation= 6685 eV Electron Capture = 6666eV r r f f 6685e V 6666eV FeXXV FeXXIV i i G-ratio = r / (i+f) Wargelin, Beiersdorfer et al. 2005, ApJ, 634,687

8. Ec= 6679 eV +/- 1 eV ( systematic error~ +- 5 eV): The G-ratio decreases as decreasing plasma temperature. It also decreases with temperature due to the contribution of satellite line. Thus we can constrain the plasma temperature kT using the center energy. The results are: kT = 3.2 keV +3 -1 keV （ Vapec) kT = 7.5 keV +∞ -3 keV （ VMEKAL) This is just the XRS science, hence our GC study make more clear strategy for the NeXT, the corner stone project in Japan.

9. Ionization Temperature Fe K  like/He-like : kTi=6.5 keV +/- 0.1ke V Fe K  H-like/He-like: kTi=5.1 keV + 1.5 -1.0 keV Ni K  H-like/He-like : kTi= 9.3 keV +1.6 -2.5 keV Electron Temperature He-like Fe K  /K  : kTe=6.2 keV +3 -1keV H-like Fe K  /K  : kTe> 6.5 keV (lower limi ｔ ) All the results are consitent if the Plasma is kTi ~ kTe=6.5 keV. This methodology to determine the electron temperature (kTe) at the Fe energy is possible only with Suzaku. Our new method constrains the Continuum shape, hence can separate the Non-thermal components.

10. Temperatures are nearly Constant at l=-0.4～+0.1 deg, while decrease at the 6.4 keV Cloud 6.7 keV Flux is smooth over the GC Region  GC Background can be reliably estimated Sgr A East

11. Ec=6663 (6661-6664) eV (6685 eV) Width= 47 (44-51) eV New SNR Sgr A East 2-temperature CEI Model kT H = 4.9 keV kT L = 1.2 keV NEI Model kT H = 13 keV kT L = 1.2 keV nt = 2x10 10 sec May be Multi-temperature CEI NEI

12. The West of the Radio Arc We found not only neutral Fe K  but also Fe K  and Ni K  Fe  Ni  Neutral Fe (Fluorescence) Neutral Ni (Fluorescence) He/H-like Fe (GC-plasma: BG)

13. 6.7 keV, 2.46 keV Line Map Discovery of New SNR Candidates  Related to the GC plasma ?  Cosmic Ray Acceleration ? 6.4 keV Line Map Discovery of New XRNs  Past History of the Sgr A* Activity (Echo) ？  Related to the HEESS-TeV Emission ?

14. 6.7 keV 6.4 keV New Sources in the Sgr B & C Regions 2.46 keV

15. 6.40keV-MaP 6.70keV-Map 30 pc Sgr A* The Galactic Center Observed with Suzaku 2.46keV-Map １０ ８ K Plasma １０ ７ K Plasma ● Black Hole Molecular Cloud

16. 朱雀 飛鳥時代のキトラ 古墳の壁画 Suzaku The wall painting of “Suzaku” in the ancient tomb “Kitora” built in the Asuka Era Meigetsuki :Records of guest stars In the 1-st May 1006, a large guest star appeared within the Kikan (Lupus) Constellation