1. Middle East, North Africa, and South Asia
Rise of Islam

2. General Chronology 622 C.E.- Hijra
Mohammed flees to Medina, finds followers to build an army (Islamic calendar begins)
633 C.E.- Battle of Al- Aqaba, wars of Ridda
Control of trade routes, conquests begin
680 C.E.- Death of Husayn, major split in Islam
711 C.E.- Muslims expand into India
732 C.E.- Muslims defeated at Tours, France
Farthest spread of Islam into Europe
940 C.E.- Muhammad Al-Madi disappears
Beginning of the wait for the 12th imam
1100’s C.E.- Crusades (invaders from Europe)
Muslims lose Holy Land but eventually retake it
1300’s C.E.- Muslims move into Southeastern Europe

3. Thought Question
What was the period of greatest development in the early Islamic world?

4. Dates of Major Empires 661-750 Ummayad Caliphate
Abbasid Empire
Mongols control Muslim lands
Ottoman Empire

5. Interactions vital to the Islamic world
Tribal fights within the Middle East
Stalemate with Byzantine Empire
Invaded Persia
Trade across Sahara desert with Africa (led by the Berbers)
Sufis spread Islam into India and Southeast Asia, mostly by sea trade
Invasion of North Africa and Spain
Across Silk Road into Central Asia and China
Coastal trade into East Africa

6. Thought Question
What were the different ways Islam was spread?

7. Art and architecture

8. Thought Question
What were some of the major themes seen in early Islamic art?

9. Divisions within the islamic world
Shi’a
Think leader of the faith should be related to Mohammed (Ali)
Sunni (85% of all Muslims today)
Think leader of the faith should be elected (Imams)
Sufis
Mystics, interested in following a path of piety, meditation, and various physical and mental exercises to be closer to God (Allah).
The Islamic World
Vast Regional differences in language, culture, ethnicity, practices, politics

10. Connections to today Where are Muslims today?
Internal conflicts today in Islam
Clan or tribal identity
Red Crescent (Like the Red Cross)
Control of Oil Producing Areas

11. Muslims in the world today

12. Thought Question
Has Islam spread greatly to parts of the world not settled by Muslims since its early expansion?