1. The Study of Life

3.  Are made up of cells  Reproduce  Are based on a universal genetic code  Grow and develop  Obtain and use materials and energy  Respond to their environment  Maintain a stable environment  When taken as a group, change over time

5.  How can we best use antibiotics ?  How much information from your genes should you be able to keep private?  Should cloning be legal?  Should we regulate burning of fossil fuels?  Should stem cell research be legal?  Whom should scientists test new medicines on?

6. Bioethics addresses ethical questions in biology to determine the best course of action and provide reasons why.

7.  based on evidence or consequences that are observable by the senses  allows for comparison without an infusion of subjectivity While all human experiments are subject to some amount of subjectivity, a scientist tries to minimize it. This helps to keep personal biases and opinions out of the experiment.

8.  Data : simple facts  Information : organized data  Understanding : knowing the causes and significance of the information  Wisdom : ability to extend what you know to guide values, attitudes and conduct

9.  Propose a testable question  Research: get as much information from as many sources as possible before you start experimenting  Form a Hypothesis: in the form of an if…then statement  Design an Experiment  Analyze Data  Form a Conclusion

10.  Science requires replication  The more times an experiment is repeated the more valid the results  The more scientists who carry out an experiment the less likely the information in skewed by objectivity and personal biases  Scientists form a hypothesis and eventually theories based on the EMPIRICAL data available to them at that given time  Those theories may eventually be proven false as technology and study bring more data to the scientists attention  Ex. The World is Flat

11.  Lab settings are controllable  Good predictive value  Fact driven

12.  Science tells us what we can do…not what we should do

13.  No…  Ethics, beliefs, faith etc. are not guiding principles of science.  In order to achieve wisdom you must incorporate what you know with what you believe.

14.  Are the following ethical questions or scientific questions: 1. How does the human immune system recognize bacteria? 2. Should people who have a genetic test to see whether they are carriers of a genetic disease then tell their family about the results? 3. How do vaccines work? 4. Should people who donate a kidney be allowed to choose who should receive it?

15. 5. Who should receive a vaccine that is in short supply – a very young person or a very old person? 6. How does the kidney’s structure relate to its function? 7. Must children be allowed to decide for themselves if they want to be involved in a test of a new treatment for a disease? 8. How can a gene from a human being be inserted into a plant?

16. 9. How does a mutation in a gene alter the structure of the resulting protein? 10. Under what circumstances, if any, should people insert genes from one species into another?