1. Founding the Roman Republic

2. How did GEOGRAPHY help and hurt the founding of the Roman Republic? ADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES Protected by mountains Protected by mountains Apennine Mountains are not hard to travel through for travel Apennine Mountains are not hard to travel through for travel Peninsula –great for trade Peninsula –great for trade DISADVANTAGES Separated from the rest of Europe by Alps Open for enemy attacks due to coastline and Apennine Mountains

3. Apennine Mountains Italian coastline

4. Romulus and Remus

5. The founding of the city of Rome Small villages formed together along the TIBER River to form Rome Small villages formed together along the TIBER River to form Rome 600 BCE—Rome began to grow into a prosperous city under the Etruscans 600 BCE—Rome began to grow into a prosperous city under the Etruscans Tiber River located inland 15 miles from Mediterranean Sea Tiber River located inland 15 miles from Mediterranean Sea Rome built on seven hills Rome built on seven hills

6. Tiber River

7. The Early Roman Republic 509 BCE– Republic is formed 509 BCE– Republic is formed REPUBLIC: a form of government in which voters elect officials to run the state REPUBLIC: a form of government in which voters elect officials to run the state In Rome, only adult male citizens could vote In Rome, only adult male citizens could vote SENATE: controlled public funds and decided foreign policy SENATE: controlled public funds and decided foreign policy Senate could propose that a citizen be named a DICTATOR in times of emergency Senate could propose that a citizen be named a DICTATOR in times of emergency The dictator could rule for 6 months and had complete control over the army and courts The dictator could rule for 6 months and had complete control over the army and courts

8. MAGISTRATES: elected officials who included: MAGISTRATES: elected officials who included: Consuls Consuls Praetors Praetors Censors Censors Each consul could veto, or refuse or approve the acts of the other consuls Each consul could veto, or refuse or approve the acts of the other consuls CHECKS AND BALANCES: each part of the government watched over the other parts to ensure no one had too much power CHECKS AND BALANCES: each part of the government watched over the other parts to ensure no one had too much power

9. Assemblies: several assemblies existed Assemblies: several assemblies existed Made up of citizens who voted on laws and elected officials, including consuls Made up of citizens who voted on laws and elected officials, including consuls Elected 10 TRIBUNES---who had power to refuse the actions of the SENATE Elected 10 TRIBUNES---who had power to refuse the actions of the SENATE

10. READ PAGES 151-152 IN YOUR TEXTBOOK AND CREATE YOUR OWN GRAPHIC ORGANIZER BASED ON THE FOLLOWING: Discuss and list possible SPECIFIC duties of the following groups in the Roman government: Discuss and list possible SPECIFIC duties of the following groups in the Roman government: Senate Senate Consuls Consuls Praetors Praetors Censors Censors Tribunes Tribunes Roman Senate