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Vocabulary Republic patrician plebeian consul dictator tribune veto

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Presentation on theme: "Vocabulary Republic patrician plebeian consul dictator tribune veto"— Presentation transcript:

1 Vocabulary Republic patrician plebeian consul dictator tribune veto
legion WH C2 PO2

2 From Republic To Empire
Ancient Rome From Republic To Empire WH C2 PO2

3 Romulus and Remus While Romulus wanted to found the new city on the Palatine Hill, Remus preferred the Aventine Hill.[2]They agree to determine the site through augury but when each claims the results in his own favor, they quarrel and Remus is killed.[3] Romulus founds the new city, names it Rome, after himself, and creates its first legions and senate. T WH C2 PO2

4 Pillars of Roman Culture
Courage Loyalty Devotion to Duty WH C2 PO2

5 Geography WH C2 PO2

6 Geography Easier to unify Less rugged mountains Broad fertile plains
Supported a growing population WH C2 PO2

7 People Latin people settled along the Tiber River
Villages built on Seven low lying hills Became Rome – the City on Seven Hills Shared the peninsula with the Etruscans WH C2 PO2

8 Etruscans Adapted their alphabet
Learned to use the arch and engineering techniques Gods/goddesses became Roman ones WH C2 PO2

9 Roman Republic 509 B.C. – Romans drove out Etruscan rulers – marking the founding of the Roman state Set up a Republic – ‘thing of the people’ Would keep any one individual from becoming too powerful WH C2 PO2

10 Government Takes Shape
Roman Senate 300 members were all patricians (wealthy elite) Serve for life Made the laws Consuls (2) were elected from the Senate to run government and command armies. Served one year term Checks and balances WH C2 PO2

11 Dictators In the event of war, Senators chose a dictator
Ruler with complete control over government Could rule for six months WH C2 PO2

12 Plebeians Demand Equality
Famers, merchants, artisans, traders Bulk of the population Complained about not knowing the laws Laws of the Twelve Tables Carved and posted in the Roman Forum Made it possible to appeal a judgment handed down by a patrician judge WH C2 PO2

13 Plebeians Demand Equality
Gained the right to elect their own officials Tribunes Tribunes could veto laws harmful to plebeians Plebeians eventually Served as consuls Appointed to other high offices Opened the Senate to membership WH C2 PO2

14 A Lasting Legacy Common people gained power and rights!
Framers of the U.S. Constitution would adapt Roman ideas: Senate Veto Checks and balances WH C2 PO2

15 Roman Society Family – basic unit of society
Father had absolute authority over family Enforced discipline and demanded respect Wife was subject to his authority Ideal Roman woman was loving, dutiful, dignified and strong. WH C2 PO2

16 Roman Women Played a larger role than Greek women
Ran businesses small and large Most worked at home – Over time gained greater freedom and influence Some women had important public roles and exercised political influence. WH C2 PO2

17 Education Everyone learned to read and write
Girls, boys, rich, and poor Rich Romans hired Greek tutors that taught Memorization of historic events Rhetoric WH C2 PO2

18 Religion Roman gods and goddesses resembled those of the Etruscans and Greeks Zeus = Jupiter ruled over sky and other gods Juno = Hera marriage Neptune = Poseidon god of the sea Year was filled with different festivals for the gods Romans worshipped and asked for divine assistance WH C2 PO2

19 Expansions in Italy By 270 B.C. – Romans controlled entire peninsula
Etruscans to the north and Greeks to the south were conquered WH C2 PO2

20 Citizen Soldiers Basic military unit was called a legion
5,000 men Legions consisted of citizen-soldiers Fought without pay and supplied own weapons Culture admired loyalty, courage and respect for authority Success was insured with rewards and punishment Desertion meant death WH C2 PO2

21 Conquered Lands Treated defeated people with respect Conquered lands
Acknowledge Roman leadership Pay taxes Supply soldiers to Roman army Conquered lands Keep local customs Money Local government WH C2 PO2

22 Conquered Lands To some- Rome gave full Roman citizenship
Some got partial citizenship: Could marry Romans Trade with Rome Generous policies created loyalty to Rome WH C2 PO2

23 Protection and Unification
Rome posted soldiers throughout the land Built all-weather roads to link territories Latin was incorporated into local dialects Italy began to unite under Roman rule WH C2 PO2

24 Questions Describe two ways that geography of Italy influenced the rise of Rome. What reforms did plebeians win during the early republic? What were two reasons for Rome's success in expanding its power across Italy? WH C2 PO2

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