1. MARGINS SOURCE-TO-SINK
S2S Program Goals
S2S Focus Sites
S2S TEI - Success-To-Date
Community Sediment Model

2. SOURCE-TO-SINK (S2S) CONCEPT
How do tectonics, climate, sea level fluctuations, and other forcing parameters regulate the production, transfer, and storage of sediments and solutes from their sources to their sinks?
What processes initiate erosion and sediment transfer, and how are these processes linked through feedbacks?
How do variations in sediment processes and fluxes and longer-term variations such as tectonics and sea level build the stratigraphic record to create a history of global change?

3. GULF OF PAPUA FOCUS SITE

4. Holocene Clinoform PAPUA SHELF Pandora Trough Moresby Trough Reef
Puari River
Turama River
PAPUA LAND
Bamu River
Fly River
MD 42
SHELF EDGE
SHELF EDGE
MD 43
MD 45
Holocene Clinoform
LGM Coastline
MD 44
MD 34
PAPUA
SHELF
MD 41
Pandora Trough
MD 37
Moresby Trough
Portlock
Reef
LGM Coastline
MD 40
JPC 33
MD 46
MD 38
MD 48
MD 39
Reef
MD 49
MD 47
JPC 66
Boot Atoll
Eastern Fields
Atoll
MD 31
MD 50
Barrier
Ashmore
Atoll
MD 30
Ashmore
Trough
Eastern Plateau
Great
50 km
CORAL SEA

5. NEW ZEALAND FOCUS SITE

6. S2S TEI - NORTHERN CALIFORNIA
September 18-22, 2006
Rolling venue, beginning in Marin County, Ca. and ending in Eureka, Ca., with ~80 attendees (mix of professionals and grad students);
Six keynote speakers (45-60 minutes each):
Jame Syvitski (INSTAAR) - Promise of S2S
Bill Dietrich (UC-Berkeley) - Source Processes
John Milliman (VIMS) - Sediment Routing
Chuck Nittrouer (U. Washington) - Shelf Processes
Sam Bentley (Memorial U.) and Andre Droxler (Rice U.) - Slope, Deepwater and Carbonate Sedimentation
John Swenson (U. Minnesota) - S2S Teleconnections
A series of shorter (10+ minutes) thematic talks. Three to four short talks after each keynote, followed by minutes of open discussion;
Integrated technical sessions and field trips. One day of sessions, followed by a traverse through the Eel River drainage basin, en route from Marin County to Eureka. Two days of technical sessions, plus a morning field trip to visit coastal cliff exposures of uplifted ancestral Eel River and Eel shelf strata;
Breakout group meetings to discuss successes, gaps/needs, and opportunities

8. Sediment fluxes off the hillslope (the source) Bill Dietrich, UC-Berkeley
Issues
What is a Hillslope?
Processes
Rates
Prediction
Concluding comments
Note: This is not an analysis of sediment discharge to the oceans

9. Sediment supply: river glacier (tide water)
FATE OF FLUVIAL SEDIMENTS ON SHELVES: PUTTING ACTIVE MARGINS INTO PERSPECTIVE Chuck Nittrouer, University of Washington
Clark Alexander Tina Drexler Brent McKee Pere Puig Mead Allison John Jaeger Beth Mullenbach Chris Sommerfield Sam Bentley Steve Kuehl Andrea Ogston Dick Sternberg John Crockett Preston Martin Cindy Palinkas JP Walsh Dave DeMaster
Sediment supply:
river
glacier (tide water)
Sediment type:
siliciclastic
carbonate

10. Teleconnections in the Source-to-Sink System John Swenson, University of Minnesota Duluth
Strong statistical relationship between ‘weather’ in different parts of the globe Information propagates through the atmosphere
La Nina anomalous SL pressure
Long-distance propagation of allogenic forcing (e.g. sea level change) through the transport system via erosion and deposition on geologic time scales

11. CURRENT S2S PROGRAM SUCCESSES
Development of S2S as a paradigm - S2S concept has become much broader than the MARGINS Program, and now permeates academic and industrial teaching and research efforts in the US, and other countries have developed their own programs of this kind;
Fostering of a community surface dynamics modeling effort - will facilitate teaching and research far beyond the MARGINS Program;
S2S system knowledge-transfer - allows NSF core-program studies to succeed where they otherwise wouldn’t even have been conceived;
Collection and archiving of large comprehensive datasets - now available to the entire community at
Education of graduate students - new techniques and broader scientific concepts in a learning environment of diverse researchers;
Recognition that timing of river & ocean events is fundamental - critical to understanding margin sediment dynamics and dispersal processes;
Refinement of Historic and Holocene sediment budgets - budgets emerging for both focus sites, at least in a gross anatomical sense;

12. SEDIMENT DISPERSAL SYSTEMS:
SOURCE-TO-SINK

13. Sediment Budget Using 210Pb Accumulation Rates
38% of sediment preserved on shelf

14. Modern sedimentation over old clinoform (across-shelf view)
Courtesy of Neal Driscoll

15. OPPORTUNITIES
Increased use of tracers - cosmogenic radionuclides, OC, luminescence, and others can be used to track sediments through system, develop chronological links between source and sink, and rates of signal transfer and strata formation;
Use of LIDAR - LIDAR can be used to develop more precise topographic, process, and landscape evolution models;
Next-generation deep cores - needed to understand the longer-term stratigraphic record of source-to-sink;
Develop links between S2S and other NSF programs - such as Orion, Venus (Victoria Experimental Network under the Sea) data/equipment;
Opportunities to develop rapid response infrastructure - improve community capabilities to monitor sediment dispersal through major events, which would be portable to other areas, and serve model development;
Opportunities to leverage industry interests and resources - if the program were packaged in a slightly broader temporal framework; and
Exploit the environmental record of lake sediments - possible at both focus sites to develop independent records of climate change and climate forcing.
Opportunity to Link S2S with Environmental Change Research - S2S can play an important role in discussions of the responses of the Earth surface to climate and environmental change

16. JGR SPECIAL ISSUE ON PNG
The Papuan Continuum: Source to Sink through the Fly River System and the Gulf of Papua
Co-editors: Chuck Nittrouer
Rudy Slingerland,
Jerry Dickens,
Gary Parker
1 overview (Nittrouer) plus 22 technical papers, that cover a spectrum of issues, including source processes, sediment transfer and deposition in the sink, and cycling of carbon and other biorelevant material

17. COMMUNITY SEDIMENT MODEL
Status and Next Steps
Lead PI/Institution: J. Syvitski/INSTAAR, CU
INSTAAR CSM proposal has been funded.
Lead institution for multi-institution effort.
Cooperative agreement w/ other institutions now being assembled.
Steering committee (Head: Slingerland, PSU)
IT/Numerics working group (Head: Furbish, Vandy)
Marine working group (Head: Wiberg, UVA)
Terrestrial working group (Head: Tucker, CU)
Coastal working group (Head: Murray, Duke(?))
Education working group (Head: TBD)
Other partnerships in works:
International Partners Committee
Industrial Partners Committee
Federal Inter-Agency Partners Committee