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2. Using Boundless Presentations The Appendix The appendix is for you to use to add depth and breadth to your lectures. You can simply drag and drop slides from the appendix into the main presentation to make for a richer lecture experience. Free to edit, share, and copy Feel free to edit, share, and make as many copies of the Boundless presentations as you like. We encourage you to take these presentations and make them your own. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Boundless Teaching Platform Boundless empowers educators to engage their students with affordable, customizable textbooks and intuitive teaching tools. The free Boundless Teaching Platform gives educators the ability to customize textbooks in more than 20 subjects that align to hundreds of popular titles. Get started by using high quality Boundless books, or make switching to our platform easier by building from Boundless content pre-organized to match the assigned textbook. This platform gives educators the tools they need to assign readings and assessments, monitor student activity, and lead their classes with pre-made teaching resources. Get started now at: If you have any questions or problems please email: educators@boundless.com http://boundless.com/teaching-platform

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4. Resisitors in Series Resistors in Parallel Combination Circuits Charging a Battery: EMFs in Series and Parallel EMF and Terminal Voltage Resistors in Series and Parallel Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... > Resistors in Series and Parallel Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/physics?campaign_content=book_5869_section_146&campaign_term=Physics&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium= direct&utm_source=boundless

5. The same current flows through each resistor in series. Individual resistors in series do not get the total source voltage, but divide it. Resisitors in Series Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/physics/textbooks/alternative-to-college-physics-4th-giambattista-alan-0071317945-9780071317948/electric-current-and- resistance-and-circuits-and-direct-currents-18/resistors-in-series-and-parallel-146/resisitors-in-series-529- 10929?campaign_content=book_5869_section_146&campaign_term=Physics&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium=direct&utm_source=bo undless Resistors in Series View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... > Resistors in Series and Parallel

6. The total resistance in a series circuit is equal to the sum of the individual resistances: [Equation 1]. Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... > Resistors in Series and Parallel Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/physics/textbooks/alternative-to-college-physics-4th-giambattista-alan-0071317945-9780071317948/electric-current-and- resistance-and-circuits-and-direct-currents-18/resistors-in-series-and-parallel-146/resisitors-in-series-529- 10929?campaign_content=book_5869_section_146&campaign_term=Physics&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium=direct&utm_source=bo undless Equation 1 View on Boundless.com

7. The total resistance in a parallel circuit is less than the smallest of the individual resistances. Each resistor in parallel has the same voltage of the source applied to it (voltage is constant in a parallel circuit). Parallel resistors do not each get the total current; they divide it (current is dependent on the value of each resistor and the number of total resistors in a circuit). Resistors in Parallel Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/physics/textbooks/alternative-to-college-physics-4th-giambattista-alan-0071317945-9780071317948/electric-current-and- resistance-and-circuits-and-direct-currents-18/resistors-in-series-and-parallel-146/resistors-in-parallel-530- 6059?campaign_content=book_5869_section_146&campaign_term=Physics&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium=direct&utm_source=bou ndless Resistors in Parallel View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... > Resistors in Series and Parallel

8. More complex connections of resistors are sometimes just combinations of series and parallel. Various parts of a combination circuit can be identified as series or parallel, reduced to their equivalents, and then further reduced until a single resistance is left. Resistance in wires reduces the current and power delivered to a resistor. If the resistance in wires is relatively large, as in a worn (or a very long) extension cord, then this loss can be significant and affect power output into appliances. Combination Circuits Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/physics/textbooks/alternative-to-college-physics-4th-giambattista-alan-0071317945-9780071317948/electric-current-and- resistance-and-circuits-and-direct-currents-18/resistors-in-series-and-parallel-146/combination-circuits-531- 6211?campaign_content=book_5869_section_146&campaign_term=Physics&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium=direct&utm_source=bou ndless Resistor Network View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... > Resistors in Series and Parallel

9. Emfs connected in the same polarity in series are additive and result in a higher total emf. Two emfs connected in the opposite polarity in series have a total emf equal to the difference between them, and can be used to charge the lower voltage source. Two voltage sources with identical emfs connected in parallel have a net emf equivalent to one emf source, however, the net internal resistance is less, and therefore produces a higher current. Charging a Battery: EMFs in Series and Parallel Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/physics/textbooks/alternative-to-college-physics-4th-giambattista-alan-0071317945-9780071317948/electric-current-and- resistance-and-circuits-and-direct-currents-18/resistors-in-series-and-parallel-146/charging-a-battery-emfs-in-series-and-parallel-532- 5597?campaign_content=book_5869_section_146&campaign_term=Physics&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium=direct&utm_source=bou ndless Flashlight and Bulb View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... > Resistors in Series and Parallel

10. The electromotive force (emf) is the potential difference of a source when no current is flowing. Terminal voltage is the voltage output of a device is measured across its terminals. Terminal voltage is calculated by V = emf - Ir. EMF and Terminal Voltage Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/physics/textbooks/alternative-to-college-physics-4th-giambattista-alan-0071317945-9780071317948/electric-current-and- resistance-and-circuits-and-direct-currents-18/resistors-in-series-and-parallel-146/emf-and-terminal-voltage-533- 1104?campaign_content=book_5869_section_146&campaign_term=Physics&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium=direct&utm_source=bou ndless Schematic Representation of a Voltage Source View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... > Resistors in Series and Parallel

11. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Appendix

12. Key terms combination circuit An electrical circuit containing multiple resistors that are connected in a combination of both series and parallel connections. electromotive force (EMF)—The voltage generated by a battery or by the magnetic force according to Faraday's Law. It is measured in units of volts, not newtons, and thus, is not actually a force. parallel An arrangement of electrical components such that a current flows along two or more paths. potential difference The difference in potential energy between two points in an electric field; the difference in charge between two points in an electrical circuit; voltage. resistance The opposition to the passage of an electric current through that element. series A number of things that follow on one after the other or are connected one after the other. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

13. terminal voltage The voltage output of a device measured across its terminals. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

14. Resistor Network In this combination circuit, the circuit can be broken up into a series component and a parallel component. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia. "Resistors." GNU FDL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistors View on Boundless.comGNU FDLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ResistorsView on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

15. Resistors in Series These four resistors are connected in series because if a current was applied at one end, it would flow through each resistor sequentially to the end. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Connexions. "Resistors in Series and Parallel." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7 View on Boundless.comCC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

16. Flashlight and Bulb A series connection of two voltage sources in the same direction. This schematic represents a flashlight with two cells (voltage sources) and a single bulb (load resistance) in series. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Connexions. "Electromotive Force: Terminal Voltage." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m42357/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7 View on Boundless.comCC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42357/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

17. Parallel Circuits A brief overview of parallel circuit analysis using VIRP tables for high school physics students. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

18. Schematic Representation of a Voltage Source Any voltage source (in this case, a carbon-zinc dry cell) has an emf related to its source of potential difference, and an internal resistance r related to its construction. (Note that the script E stands for emf. ) Also shown are the output terminals across which the terminal voltage V is measured. Since V=emf−Ir, terminal voltage equals emf only if there is no current flowing. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Connexions. "Electromotive Force: Terminal Voltage." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m42357/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7 View on Boundless.comCC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42357/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

19. Parallel resistors Three resistors connected in parallel to a battery and the equivalent single or parallel resistance. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Connexions. "Resistors in Series and Parallel." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7 View on Boundless.comCC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

20. Battery Charger This represents two voltage sources connected in series with their emfs in opposition. Current flows in the direction of the greater emf and is limited by the sum of the internal resistances. (Note that each emf is represented by script E in the figure. ) A battery charger connected to a battery is an example of such a connection. The charger must have a larger emf than the battery to reverse current through it. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Connexions. "Electromotive Force: Terminal Voltage." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m42357/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7 View on Boundless.comCC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42357/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

21. Series Circuits A brief introduction to series circuit and series circuit analysis, including Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) and Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL). Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

22. Combination Circuits Two parallel resistors in series with one resistor. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

23. Resistors in Parallel A parallel connection of resistors. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Connexions. "Resistors in Series and Parallel." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7 View on Boundless.comCC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

24. Two Identical EMFs Two voltage sources with identical emfs (each labeled by script E) connected in parallel produce the same emf but have a smaller total internal resistance than the individual sources. Parallel combinations are often used to deliver more current. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Connexions. "Electromotive Force: Terminal Voltage." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m42357/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7 View on Boundless.comCC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42357/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

25. Resistors connected in a series circuit Three resistors connected in series to a battery (left) and the equivalent single or series resistance (right). Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Connexions. "Resistors in Series and Parallel." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7 View on Boundless.comCC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

26. Reducing a combination circuit This combination of seven resistors has both series and parallel parts. Each is identified and reduced to an equivalent resistance, and these are further reduced until a single equivalent resistance is reached. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Connexions. "Resistors in Series and Parallel." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7 View on Boundless.comCC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7View on Boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

27. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... The total resistance in the circuit with resistors connected in series is equal to the A) sum of the inverse of each individual resistances B) resistance of the largest resistor C) sum of the individual resistances D) resistance of the smallest resistor

28. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... The total resistance in the circuit with resistors connected in series is equal to the A) sum of the inverse of each individual resistances B) resistance of the largest resistor C) sum of the individual resistances D) resistance of the smallest resistor

29. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... The total resistance in the circuit with resistors connected in parallel is equal to the A) sum of the individual resistances B) sum of the inverse of each individual resistances C) resistance of the largest resistor D) resistance of the smallest resistor

30. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... The total resistance in the circuit with resistors connected in parallel is equal to the A) sum of the individual resistances B) sum of the inverse of each individual resistances C) resistance of the largest resistor D) resistance of the smallest resistor

31. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... A combination circuit contains resistors connected A) both in series and in parallel B) only in series C) only in parallel D) either in series or in parallel

32. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... A combination circuit contains resistors connected A) both in series and in parallel B) only in series C) only in parallel D) either in series or in parallel

33. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... One practical implication of a combination circuit is that A) the current through all of the resistors is the same B) all resistors are subject to the same voltage C) resistance in wires reduces the current and power delivered to a resistor D) its resistance is extremely high

34. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... One practical implication of a combination circuit is that A) the current through all of the resistors is the same B) all resistors are subject to the same voltage C) resistance in wires reduces the current and power delivered to a resistor D) its resistance is extremely high

35. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... When voltage sources are connected in series, A) both electromotive forces and resistances are the same B) electromotive forces are additive while resistances are the same C) both electromotive forces and resistances are additive D) electromotive forces are the same while resistances are additive

36. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... When voltage sources are connected in series, A) both electromotive forces and resistances are the same B) electromotive forces are additive while resistances are the same C) both electromotive forces and resistances are additive D) electromotive forces are the same while resistances are additive

37. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... When voltage sources are connected in parallel, A) both electromotive forces and resistances are the same B) both electromotive forces and resistances are additive C) electromotive forces are additive while resistances are the same D) electromotive forces are the same while resistances are additive

38. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... When voltage sources are connected in parallel, A) both electromotive forces and resistances are the same B) both electromotive forces and resistances are additive C) electromotive forces are additive while resistances are the same D) electromotive forces are the same while resistances are additive

39. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... When the voltage sources are connected in the same polarity in series, they A) can be used to charge the lower voltage source B) produce a higher current C) are subtractive and result in a lower total electromotive force D) are additive and result in a higher total electromotive force

40. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... When the voltage sources are connected in the same polarity in series, they A) can be used to charge the lower voltage source B) produce a higher current C) are subtractive and result in a lower total electromotive force D) are additive and result in a higher total electromotive force

41. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... The output, or terminal voltage of a voltage source such as a battery, depends A) both on the electromotive force and external resistance B) only on the electromotive force C) only on the external resistance D) both on the electromotive force and internal resistance

42. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an... The output, or terminal voltage of a voltage source such as a battery, depends A) both on the electromotive force and external resistance B) only on the electromotive force C) only on the external resistance D) both on the electromotive force and internal resistance

43. Attribution Wiktionary. "potential difference." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/potential+differenceCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/potential+difference Boundless Learning. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com//physics/definition/terminal-voltageCC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com//physics/definition/terminal-voltage Wikipedia. "electromotive force." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/electromotive%20forceCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/electromotive%20force Connexions. "Electromotive Force: Terminal Voltage." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m42357/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7CC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42357/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7 Connexions. "Electromotive Force: Terminal Voltage." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m42357/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7CC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42357/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7 Connexions. "Electromotive Force: Terminal Voltage." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m42357/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7CC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42357/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7 Wiktionary. "parallel." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/parallelCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/parallel Wikipedia. "electromotive force." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/electromotive%20forceCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/electromotive%20force Wiktionary. "series." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/seriesCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/series Connexions. "Resistors in Series and Parallel." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7CC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7 Wiktionary. "parallel." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/parallelCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/parallel Wikipedia. "resistance." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/resistanceCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/resistance Light and Matter. CC BY http://lightandmatter.com/lml.pdfCC BYhttp://lightandmatter.com/lml.pdf Wikipedia. "Resistors." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistors#Series_and_parallel_resistorsCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistors#Series_and_parallel_resistors Connexions. "Resistors in Series and Parallel." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7CC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7 Wiktionary. "parallel." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/parallelCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/parallel Wiktionary. "series." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/seriesCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/series Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...

44. Wikipedia. "combination circuit." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/combination%20circuitCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/combination%20circuit Connexions. "Resistors in Series and Parallel." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7CC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m42356/latest/?collection=col11406/1.7 Wiktionary. "series." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/seriesCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/series Wikipedia. "resistance." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/resistanceCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/resistance Light and Matter. CC BY http://lightandmatter.com/lml.pdfCC BYhttp://lightandmatter.com/lml.pdf Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Electric Current and Resistance and Circuits an...