1. Lab 7 Organism Genetics

2. Lab 7: Genetics of Organisms Overview  In this laboratory students will use living organisms to do genetic crosses. They will learn how to collect and manipulate the organisms, collect data from F1 and F2 generations, and analyze the results from a monohybrid, dihybrid, or sex- linked cross.

3. Pre-Lab  Before doing this laboratory students should understand:  chi-square analysis of data; and  the life cycle of diploid organisms useful in genetics studies.

4. Drosophila melanogaster (wild type)

5. Genetics Vocabulary  Sex-linked-gene that is located on a sex chromosome  Autosomal genes-genes located on non-sex chromosomes  Wild type  Mutants  Chi-squared analysis-tests the validity of a null hypothesis, which states that there is no statistically significant difference between the observed results of your experiment and the expected results. When there is little difference between the observed results and the expected results, you obtain a very low chi-square value; your hypothesis is supported.

6. Life Cycle of Fruit Flies

7. Mutants!!!!

8. Why are fruit flies used in genetic research?  Reproduce quickly allowing easy tracking of inherited traits.  Share 60% of the same genes as humans.  Scientists have “mapped” most of their genes.

9. Post-Lab After doing this laboratory students should be able to:  investigate the independent assortment of two genes and determine whether the two genes are autosomal or sex-linked using a multi- generation experiment; and  analyze the data from their genetic crosses using chi-square analysis techniques.