1. By Prof.Dr/Mona Hussein
Dental biomaterials By
Prof.Dr/Mona Hussein

2. Dental biomaterials
The science of dental biomaterials involves the study of the composition and properties of materials and the way in which they interact with the oral environment in which they are placed.

3. Dental biomaterials may be classified according to nature into, ceramics, metals, polymers and composites or according to use into restorative and auxiliary materials
WHAT is the THIRD CLASSIFICATION?

4. I- Metals
Metals are used for making restorations of the lost tooth structure, prosthetic devices, orthodontic appliances, and many other applications where strength and elasticity are required.
A mixture of two or more metallic elements is called alloy (Gold alloy &Cobalt chromium alloy)

5. Metallic restoration

6. II- Ceramics
Ceramics include a wide variety of substances such as glass, cement, refractory (high temp), and many other materials.

7. Types of dental ceramics:
Dental porcelain.
Dental cements.
Gypsum products.
Casting investment

8. Ceramic restoration

9. Ceramo-metal system
Bridge

10. III- Polymers Polymers are synthetic resins. Types of dental polymers:
Polymeric impression materials.
Denture base materials.
Tooth colored restorative materials.

11. Polymeric denture base

12. Esthetic restoration (dental composite)

13. Oral Environment

14. 1-Enamel.
2-Dentine.
3-Gingiva (Gum).
4-Gingival Sulcus.
5-Periodontal Ligaments.
6-Pulp Chamber.
7-Root Canal.
8-Apical Foramen.
9-Bone.
10-Cementum.

15. 1. Enamel: Is the hardest structure in the human body.
It forms the outer layer of the crown
It’s the only visible portion of the crown.

16. 2. Dentine: Is the main substance of the crown & the root.
Is yellowish-white in color.
Is sensitive.

17. Saliva
Contents:
1- Water.
2- Electrolytes.
3- Mucus.
4- Enzymes.

18. Functions: Helps in creating the bolus of the food.
Amylase enzyme that converts starch into dextrin.
Prevent tooth decay& tooth erosion due to its buffering properties.
Saliva carries ions as calcium,fluoride…. That helps in remineralization.
Antibacterial.

19. The restorative material present in the oral environment is subjected to:
Changes in temperature.(Thermal properties)
Variation in pH.(Corrosion)
Occlusal stresses.
Solubility and disintegration.
Change in color(Optical properties)

20. Tempromandibular Joint
Functions:
The first function is rotation around a horizontal axis.
The second function is translation where the condyle & the disc move together anteriorly beneath the articular eminence.

24. DENTAL BIOMATERIALS I -Basic science of biomaterials
Physical properties
Thermal properties
Optical properties
Surface chemistry
Corrosion
Mechanical properties

25. Basic structure of metals.
Basic structure of polymers.
Basic structure of ceramics.
II APPLIED BIOMATERIALS

26. Thank you