1. SUBJECT - SURVEYING – I SUB.CODE - CE6304
Handle by,
Dr. M. KANNAN
Assistant Professor,
Department of Civil Engg,
PITS.

2. OBJECTIVES
To introduce the principles of various surveying methods and applications to Civil Engineering projects

3. UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS AND CHAIN SURVEYING
Definition
Classifications - Basic principles
Equipment and accessories for ranging and chaining
Methods of ranging
well conditioned triangles
Errors in linear measurement and their corrections
Obstacles - Traversing – Plotting – applications
enlarging the reducing the figures
Areas enclosed by straight line irregular figures- digital planimetre.

4. INSTRUMENTS IN CHAIN SURVEYING
Cross staff
Plumb bob
Ranging rod
Arrows

5. INSTRUMENTS CHAIN - Used for Linear Measurements
RANGING RODS – Used for ranging the lines and for marking the positions.
ARROWS – Used to mark the end of each chain during chainage.
OFFSET RODS – Used to measure rough offsets.
CROSS STAFF – Used to set a perpendicular at a given point on the chain line
OPTICAL SQUARE – used to set a perpendicular with more accuracy.

6. UNIT II COMPASS AND PLANE TABLE SURVEYING
Basic principles - Types - Bearing - Systems and conversions
Sources of errors - Local attraction - Magnetic declination
Dip-Traversing - Plotting - Adjustment of closing error – applications
Plane table and its accessories - Merits and demerits - Radiation - Intersection - Resection – Traversing- sources of errors – applications.

7. COMPASS SURVEY Utility of Compass in Survey :
Very useful for mountain, forestry, geological and other types of survey works.
The permanently mounted circular spirit level ensures easy and fast leveling.
Ensures greater degree of accuracy.

8. INSTRUMENTS Prismatic Compass – reading increases from 0ْ
at south and to 90ْ at west, 180ْ at North and 270ْ at east
Tripod stand

9. UNIT III LEVELLING Level line Horizontal line Datum - Bench marks
Levels and staves
temporary and permanent adjustments
Methods of levelling - Fly levelling - Check levelling - Procedure in levelling - Booking -Reduction - Curvature and refraction
Reciprocal levelling
Sources of Errors in levelling- Precise levelling - Types of instruments - Adjustments - Field procedure

10. INSTRUMENTS USED
Dumpy Level with Tripod
Cross Staff
Dumpy Level

11. UNIT IV LEVELLING APPLICATIONS
Longitudinal and Cross-section
Plotting - Contouring - Methods - Characteristics and uses of contours
Plotting – Methods of interpolating contours
Computations of cross sectional areas and volumes
Earthwork calculations
Capacity of reservoirs
Mass haul diagrams.

12. UNIT V THEODOLITE SURVEYING
Theodolite - Types - Description
Horizontal and vertical angles
Temporary and permanent adjustments
Heights and distances
Tangential and Stadia Tacheometry
Subtense method
Stadia constants
Anallactic lens.

13. THEODOLITE

14. OUTCOMES
Students are expected to use all surveying equipments, prepare LS & CS, contour maps and carryout surveying works related to land and civil engineering projects.

15. ASSIGNMENT TOPICS: Principles and classification of surveying
Direct and reciprocal ranging
Local attraction with example problem
Height of collimation and Rise & Fall method
Contours and their characteristics and uses

16. Classification of Surveying Principles of surveying
SEMINAR TOPICS:
Classification of Surveying
Principles of surveying
Field and office work
Surveying instruments and their care adjustments
Prismatic compass and surveyors compass
Reduced bearing and whole circle bearing
Local attraction and Magnetic declination
Plane table surveying – Radiation, Intersection, Resection and Traversing
Fly levelling and check levelling
Height of collimation and Rise & Fall method in levelling

17. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane_table
URL’S:
wwwww.indiastudychannel.com
w.compasssurveying.com
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane_table df
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodolite
academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/geology/.../core/.../elevation.ht ml

18. TEXT BOOKS 1. Chandra A.M., "Plane Surveying", New Age International Publishers, Alak De, "Plane Surveying", S. Chand & Company Ltd., 2000.
REFERENCES
James M. Anderson and Edward M. Mikhail, "Surveying, Theory and Practice",7th Edition, McGraw Hill, 2001.
2. Bannister and S. Raymond, "Surveying", 7th Edition, Longman
3. Roy S.K., "Fundamentals of Surveying", 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 2004.
4. Arora K.R.,"Surveying Vol I & II", Standard Book house, 10th Edition 2008

19. ALL THE BEST
Thank u