1. Update Notebook and TOC (5 minutes) Page #86: Expansion Learning Goal Scale(glue in) Page #87: Progress Chart Page #88: Factory Life Cornell notes and Diary Entry Page #89: Northern Cities Flow Map Page #90: Transportation and Immigration Cornell Notes EQ: How did immigration impact the US?

2.  The student will be able to describe the revolution in transportation and the causes and effects of new immigration with 80% accuracy  Where does today’s objective fit into the unit learning goal scale?  What do you need to be able to do with this objective to reach mastery or SCALE Everest?

3.  How did new forms of Transportation impact industry in the North?  Why did large numbers of immigrants come from Ireland and Germany?  How might newcomers from different cultural backgrounds affect a region?  What was the nativist response to immigration?

4.  Improvements in transportation encouraged the growth of American Industry in the North  As transportation became faster and easier, factories could make use of raw materials from farther away  Improved transportation also allowed northern factories to ship goods to distant markets.

5.  1807, Robert Fulton used a steam engine to power a boat  Fulton’s Clermont was the first functional steamboat  Great for river use, but not ocean travel  In 1850, a new type of American-built ship was used, the Clipper Ship.  They were long and slender and very swift  These Yankee Clippers as they were called were the fastest ships until Great Britain produced oceangoing steamships

6.  Of all forms of new transportation, railroads did the most to bring together raw materials, manufactures, and markets.  Steamships were limited in where they could go because they could only travel the paths of rivers  Rail could be build almost anywhere  America’s first railroad, the Baltimore and Ohio, began in 1828.  By 1830, Peter Cooper build the first American made steam locomotive  By 1840, about 3,000 miles of railway track had been built in the US.been built in the US.

7.  Ireland had long been under British rule and British landlords owned the best farmland  In 1845, a fungus destroyed the potato crop leading to famine or widespread starvation  The years that followed are called the Great Hunger, more than 1 million people starved to death another million left Ireland  They had little money arriving in the US and therefore became part of the working class in factories and mills (settled in North East)  Germans immigrated to escape harsh rulers  Unlike the Irish, German immigrants were skilled craftsman and brought money with them to the U.S.  They moved west settling the ORV and the Great Lakes Region

8.  Some Americans worried about the growing immigrant population. They were nativists or people who wanted to preserve the country for the white, American protestants.  They targeted Irish immigration because they were mostly Roman Catholics  One group formed a secret group in New York, the group would evolved into a new political party called the Know-Nothings that would run a candidate in 1856

9. 1. How did new forms of Transportation impact industry in the North? 2. Why did large numbers of immigrants come from Ireland and Germany? 3. How might newcomers from different cultural backgrounds affect a region? 4. What was the nativist response to immigration?  Complete Progress Chart for Objective D