2. The Stranger at out gate
The Immigrant:
The Stranger at out gate
Caption: “Emigrant- ‘Can I come in?’ Uncle Sam- ‘I spose you can; there’s no law to keep you out.”
1. How is the immigrant depicted in the cartoon? Consider such characteristics as race, gender, class, and age.
2. Where do you think the immigrant
is from?
3. What symbols or images do you see in this cartoon?
4. What point is the cartoonist trying
to make with Uncle Sam's response to ''Can I come in?
5. How does the cartoonist stereotype the immigrant?

3. Immigration
in the 1900s

4. “Old Immigration”
When the 13 colonies were established, most immigrants to America were from England.
England
Ireland
France
Before 1880, Most of the these people came from northern & western Europe. Majority were Protestants. They came to escape religious & political persecution or economic opportunities

5. “New Immigration”
Between , most immigrants coming to the United States were from southern and eastern Europe
Russia
Poland
Mostly were Catholics & Jews. It also included people from Mexico; other nations in Latin American and Japan
Italy
Greece

6. Old vs New Immigrants Spoke English Protestant
Different appearances and habits
They spoke little or no English
Catholic, Jewish, Orthodox Christian
Different appearances and habits
Extremely poor and uneducated

8. Onboard Ship

9. A Land of Hope
The Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor was the symbol of America to many immigrants looking for a new life
The millions of immigrants who sailed to America were greeted by the Statue of Liberty.

10. Ellis Island
Immigrants coming into New York were stopped at Ellis Island
Incoming immigrants were given a physical to check for diseases and their criminal record was checked

11. With the huge numbers of immigrants, inspectors had just 2 minutes to complete the process and many immigrants had their last names changed by the inspectors because they didn’t have the time or patience to struggle with the foreign spellings

12. Stairs of Separation
As the immigrants walked up the staircase, U.S. Public Health Officials watched them for signs of a number of illnesses.
Inspection Line
Now began a series of tests that would determine their fate
Only 2 % were sent back
2% of 12 Million
Would you like to have 2% of $12 Million Dollars?

13. Medical Inspectors watched the people & marked them with chalk
The exam was frightening & embarrassing
Medical Exam
The Inspector would take about 7 seconds to determine if the immigrant had any infectious diseases.

14. Asked a Series of 29 Questions
The Same as Were Asked Before Leaving Europe
To See if Your Story Remained the Same
Immigrants that were detained for medical or other reasons stayed in these rooms, tightly packed with rows of bunk beds.

15. Making It
Once All the Testing Was Done, You Were Allowed to Leave the Island & Become an American
Or Become a “Bird of Passage” intended to immigrate temporarily to earn money; and then return to their homeland.

16. Little Italy, New York City, circa 1901
Ethnic Cities – Little Italy
By the late 1800s, immigrants made up a great portion of the country’s largest cities, including New York City, Chicago and Boston
Little Italy, New York City, circa 1901

17. Chinatown, New York City
Ethnic Cities - Chinatown
Immigrants lived in their own separate neighborhoods – like Little Italy or Chinatown – and kept many of their former traditions.
Chinatown, New York City

18. Asian Immigration
During the late 1800s, the west coast (California) saw a boom in the amount of immigrants coming from Asia.
Most Chinese immigrants came to America because over-crowding in China led to high unemployment, poverty and famine.

19. Angel Island
Asians immigrants arriving on the west coast went through Angel Island in San Francisco.
The inspection process on Angel Island was more difficult than on Ellis Island.
Immigrants endured harsh questioning and a long detention in filthy ramshackle buildings

20. By 1900, lower Manhattan was the most crowded place in the world.
Adjusting to a New Land
· Most immigrants settled in the cities of the NE & Midwest where they took unskilled jobs.
By 1900, lower Manhattan was the most crowded place in the world.
Gradually immigrants became “Americanized” assimilated into mainstream American society by learning its values and behaviors. Often it was the children of the immigrants who were first to become “Americanized”

21. The Rise of Nativism
The flood of immigrants into the U.S. worried many Americans who felt their way of life could be changed.
Nativism is an extreme dislike for foreigners by native-born people and a desire to limit immigration.

22. The Rise of Nativism
Workers blamed immigrants for low wages or shortages of employment. A resentment of foreigners crept into America’s attitudes.
New immigrants were easy scapegoats for the fear of social change that many experienced due to the rapid changes based on the Industrial Revolution.

23. The Rise of Nativism Nativism 1. Gave rise to anti-immigrant groups
2. Led to a demand for immigration restrictions.

24. Seattle's anti-Chinese riot of February 8, 1886
Anti-Asian Sentiment
· Many Americans feared they would lose their jobs to the Chinese. As a result; labor groups pressured politicians to restrict Asian immigration.
Asians were prohibited from buying land in California.
Chinese immigrants were frequently attacked, and occasionally killed, by racist mobs.
Seattle's anti-Chinese riot of February 8, 1886

25. Chinese Exclusion Act
The Chinese Exclusion Act was the law passed by Congress that greatly reduced the amount of Chinese immigrants coming to America in the late 1800s.
The law barred Chinese immigration for 10 years and prevented the Chinese from becoming U.S. citizens.

26. The Gentlemen’s Agreement (1907)
Americans showed prejudice against Japanese immigrants as well.
In San Francisco; the local school board put all Chinese; Japanese; and Korean children in special Asian schools.
This led to anti-American riots in Japan.
Under the Gentlemen’s Agreement; Japan’s government agreed to limit Japanese immigration to the US in exchange for the repeal of the San Francisco segregation order.

27. Quota System (1924)
This system established the maximum number of people who could enter the United States from each foreign country.
The goal of the quota system was to cut sharply European immigration to the United States.
Favors “desirable” immigrants over others
The system achieved that goal!

28. Quota System

29. Intro to Immigration https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cRTHdC7k4uY
Coming To America - Neil Diamond