1. What is Life? Lisa Fletcher Sept. 2015-16

2. Bell Ringer: Sept. 8, 2015  Compare and Contrast Inferring and Predicting.  Provide one example for each of these.

3. Chapter 2, Section 1  E.Q.: How does the structure of a cell allow it to carry out life processes?  Georgia Performance Standards  S7L2: Students will describe the structure and function of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.  See our Leaning Targets

4. The Characteristics of Living Things All living things have a cellular organization, contain similar chemicals, use energy, respond to their surroundings, grown and develop, and reproduce.

5. Cellular Organization Cell  The basic unit of structure and function in an organism. Unicellular  Organisms composed of only one cell. (examples: archae bacteria, bacteria, almost all protists) Multicellular  Organisms composed of many cells that are specialized to do many different tasks or jobs.

6. The chemicals of life. Cells are composed (made up) of chemicals:  Mostly water (H 2 O)  Carbohydrates (glucose=sugar):  energy source  Proteins (from meats, cheese, milk):  one of the building materials.  Lipids (Fats):  another type of building materials  Nucleic Acids: (genetic material)  The chemical instructions that direct the cell’s activities.

7. Energy Use  Cells of living organisms use energy to perform their jobs and repair injured parts.

8. Response to their surroundings  Stimulus  A change in an organism’s surroundings that causes the organism to react.  (Examples of changes: temperatures, light, sound)  Response  An action or change in behavior.  (Examples: unexpected sound, unexpected movement in peripheral vision)

9. Growth and Development  Development  The process of change that occurs during an organism’s life to produce more complex organisms.  Can be physical or mental: Learning to walk, talk, make decisions, changes that occur during puberty.

10. Reproduction  The ability to produce offspring – either sexually (two parents) or asexually (one parent)

11. Life Comes From Life  Living things arise from living things through reproduction.  Spontaneous Generation:  The mistaken idea that living things can arise from nonliving sources.  Redi’s experiment.  Pasteur’s experiment.

12. The Needs of Living Things  All living things must satisfy their basic needs for water, food, living space, and stable internal conditions.

13. Water  All living things need water to survive.  Unless specially adaptations exist, most living organism will only survive a few days without water. (Humans – usually three days on average.)  Water is needed to get needed chemicals, to break down food, to grow, to move chemicals around the body, and to reproduce.

14. Food  Autotrophs: auto means “self”, troph means “feeder”. Plants are autotrophs – they can make their own food.  Heterotrophs: hetero means “other”. Heterotroph has to hunt or gather/get food outside of themselves. They consume other plants and/or animals.

15. Living Space  All living organisms need a place to get food and water, and find shelter.  They must have adaptations for the environment they live in and they must be able to compete with others for those resources. (Examples: If there are too many trees in the same area, only the tallest trees will survive, the smaller trees will not grow and eventually will die).

16. Stable Internal Conditions  Organisms must be able to keep the conditions inside their bodies stable (relatively the same), even when their outside/external environment changes. This is referred to as Homeostasis.  A human’s internal temperature must be close to 98.6 degrees F in order to our bodies to function normally.