1. Ending the War The Fourteen Points, The Treaty of Versailles and League of Nations

2. Final Stands  Russia withdraws from war in 1917  Worn out by revolution, war, and out of supplies  Germany likes this because they can stop worrying about their Eastern Front and focus just on UK, France in the West  But US is mobilizing to help the UK and FRA  US help too much for Germans to stop, and an Armistice (truce) is signed 11/11/1918

4. Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points  US President gives a speech on what should change about foreign policies to stop another World War  Made the speech before the fighting was even over  Wilson’s plan was rather neutral compared to some of the other Ally’s plans for Germany  France for example wanted harsh penalties

5. Highlights of the Fourteen Points  No secret alliances  Free trade across seas during peace or war  Reducing of weapons for all nations  Self-Determination: Allowing colonies to be independent if they choose to be so  Form a organization of the world’s nations to protect one another from aggression

6. The Treaty of Versailles  Did more harm than good  Based off of France wanting Germany to pay for what they had done (believed entire war was Germany’s fault)  Treaty made Germany look bad (Germans upset for having to take all the blame)  Only UK, USA, France, Italy, and Japan at conference to make the terms

7. Terms of the Treaty  Germany and Austria Hungary had to take the blame for the war (“War Guilt Clause”)  Germany to pay reparations ($33B then, that would be $385 Billion today)  They just finished paying in 2010  Germany must reduce the size of its military  Called disarmament  U-Boats and troops reduced, no air force  No troops allowed in the Rhineland (near France)  Germany gives up its colonies and conquered lands of France and Russia back  No more alliances between Germany and Austria-Hungary

8. League of Nations  League created by the Treaty of Versailles  Made Wilson happy since he pushed for a group to stop war.  Purpose was to encourage world cooperation and peace  Germany was excluded from the League (this made them upset)  There was no army for the League (supposed to be a group effort)  US Congress would not sign the Treaty, so they did not join the League (wanted to stay isolated as possible)  Not having the US led to the League being a failure