1. Extra Info on Animal Production

2. Housing requirement of animals Animals need to have enough space Well ventilated and draught free Well insulated to retain the heat Have a proper waste disposal system Clean water needs to be available Proper bedding Hygienic conditions Animals need to be doses and vaccinated at housing

3. The advantages of housing animals over the winter Prevents a fall in body temperature Makes feeding easier Protects animals from weather extremes Prevents poaching Aids in the prevention and identification of diseases

4. Why are animals fed concentrates? Concentrates supplement poor quality fodder crops Farmers can control an animals diet Farmers can ensure animals have a balanced diet Concentrates provide fibre They ensure production targets are met They are high in DMD They are a high energy food

5. Factors to consider when selecting an animal for breeding Full set of teeth Healthy feet Properly formed teeth Suitable breed Good pedigree Age

6. Factors to consider when selecting an animal for breeding Properly formed udder Healthy animal Condition score Suitable conformation

7. Points to consider when purchasing animals Know the producer Conformation of the animal Check eyes, ears, nose, mouth, navel and Anus for any discharge Good legs and feet Healthy well formed udder Healthy teeth

8. Summary Calf/CowLamb/SheepBonham/Pig Weight at birth40-45 Kg2-5 Kg1-1.5 Kg Weight at puberty 250 Kg40 Kg75 Kg Weight at slaughter 450-800 Kg30-40 Kg80-82 Kg Gestation period 9.5 months5 months3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days Time they reach slaughter 1-3 Yrs4-6 months6 months Length of oestrus cycle 21 days17 days21 days