1. H 2 OWESOME Round IV Kelsey, Alex, and Michael Round IV Kelsey, Alex, and Michael

2. Body Water Levels  Euhydration  Overhydration (hyperhydration)  Dehydration  Euhydration  Overhydration (hyperhydration)  Dehydration

3. Euhydration  “Normal” body water levels  Males – 55-60%  Females – 50-55%  Maintained relatively well due to thirst and hunger (for people who can satisfy each)  Impossible to set general requirements for hydration  “Normal” body water levels  Males – 55-60%  Females – 50-55%  Maintained relatively well due to thirst and hunger (for people who can satisfy each)  Impossible to set general requirements for hydration

4. Euhydration  Properly regulates body temperature  Sustains proper cardiovascular function  Maintains effective nutrient delivery  Cell homeostasis  Proper blood viscosity and plasma levels  Properly regulates body temperature  Sustains proper cardiovascular function  Maintains effective nutrient delivery  Cell homeostasis  Proper blood viscosity and plasma levels

5. Overhydration (hyperhydration)  Body contains too much water – water intoxication  Cannot excrete water – normal sodium level diluted [hyponatrimia]  Rarely occurs from water consumption alone  With normal heart, kidney, and pituitary gland function, individual would need to consume an excess of two gallons of water a day.  Body contains too much water – water intoxication  Cannot excrete water – normal sodium level diluted [hyponatrimia]  Rarely occurs from water consumption alone  With normal heart, kidney, and pituitary gland function, individual would need to consume an excess of two gallons of water a day.

6. Symptoms of Overhydration  The brain is most susceptible to overhydration  Change in behavior  Confused  Drowsy  Inattentive  Nausea/vomiting  Acidosis – abnormally high acid content in blood and body tissue  Anemia  The brain is most susceptible to overhydration  Change in behavior  Confused  Drowsy  Inattentive  Nausea/vomiting  Acidosis – abnormally high acid content in blood and body tissue  Anemia

7. Risk Factors for Overhydration  Most common with individuals with impaired kidney function  Infants at greater risk due to lack of kidney development  Often occurs in healthcare field when provider administers more fluids than body can handle due to condition.  Coma  Kidney failure  Heart disease  Uncontrolled diabetes  Most common with individuals with impaired kidney function  Infants at greater risk due to lack of kidney development  Often occurs in healthcare field when provider administers more fluids than body can handle due to condition.  Coma  Kidney failure  Heart disease  Uncontrolled diabetes

8. Prevent Overhydration  Take weight after bouts of intense physical activity to replenish proper amounts of fluid.  1 lb lost – replenish with 15 oz. water  Avoid drinking more than 1 liter of water per hour  Be aware of medical conditions and treatments  Take weight after bouts of intense physical activity to replenish proper amounts of fluid.  1 lb lost – replenish with 15 oz. water  Avoid drinking more than 1 liter of water per hour  Be aware of medical conditions and treatments

9. Dehydration  Loss of body fluids (mainly water) exceeds amount taken in.  Lose water in a variety of ways  Potty breaks  Sweat – includes body water and electrolytes  Breathing  Rate at which we lose water varies from person to person  Loss of body fluids (mainly water) exceeds amount taken in.  Lose water in a variety of ways  Potty breaks  Sweat – includes body water and electrolytes  Breathing  Rate at which we lose water varies from person to person

10. Symptoms of Dehydration  Weakness/fatigue  Headache  Dry mouth  Dizziness  Fever  Inability to sweat  Weakness/fatigue  Headache  Dry mouth  Dizziness  Fever  Inability to sweat

11. More Symptoms of Dehydration  Increased body temperature  Increased heart rate  For each liter of sweat loss, heart rate increase 8 beats per minute  Decrease in cardiac output  For each liter of sweat loss, cardiac output decreases 1 liter per minute  Decreased efficiency of nutrient delivery  Decreased blood plasma volume  Increased body temperature  Increased heart rate  For each liter of sweat loss, heart rate increase 8 beats per minute  Decrease in cardiac output  For each liter of sweat loss, cardiac output decreases 1 liter per minute  Decreased efficiency of nutrient delivery  Decreased blood plasma volume

12. Risk Factors for Dehydration  Chronic or acute illness/disease  Consumption of diuretics  Bouts of exercise  Heat exposure  Poor diet  Chronic or acute illness/disease  Consumption of diuretics  Bouts of exercise  Heat exposure  Poor diet

13. Prevent Dehydration  Take weight after bouts of intense physical activity to replenish proper amounts of fluid.  1 lb lost – replenish with 15 oz. water  Hydrate properly prior to exercise  Combination of water and electrolyte rich drinks  Avoid exercise in high heat  Replenish fluids during and after exercise  Monitor urine color – pale yellow to clear = euhydration dark yellow = dehydration  Take weight after bouts of intense physical activity to replenish proper amounts of fluid.  1 lb lost – replenish with 15 oz. water  Hydrate properly prior to exercise  Combination of water and electrolyte rich drinks  Avoid exercise in high heat  Replenish fluids during and after exercise  Monitor urine color – pale yellow to clear = euhydration dark yellow = dehydration

15. Sources...  Exercise Phys. Text Book  http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/water_a_vital_nutrient http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/water_a_vital_nutrient  http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/dehydration-adults?page=3#5 http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/dehydration-adults?page=3#5  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2908954/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2908954/  http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a559016.pdf http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a559016.pdf  Exercise Phys. Text Book  http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/water_a_vital_nutrient http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/water_a_vital_nutrient  http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/dehydration-adults?page=3#5 http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/dehydration-adults?page=3#5  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2908954/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2908954/  http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a559016.pdf http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a559016.pdf