1. Whoa You're Breathing! The Structure and Function of Lungs A Presentation for Your Educational Benefit by Blake Tashjian, Caroline Casey, and Matt Mahoney

2. The Respiratory System: The Diagram

3. The Passage of Air Trachea Structure: Tube of many cartilage rings. Purpose: Maintains structure for passing air so that it does not collapse. http://www.naturalhealthschool.com/img/trachea.gif

4. Cilia and Mucous Lining Cilia Structure: Hair-like projections Purpose: Moves mucus up towards the pharynx Mucous Lining Purpose: Traps contaminants such as dust or pollen These two structures help keep the lung system clean. http://www.cytochemistry.net/Cell-biology/cilia5.jpg http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en- commons/thumb/6/69/250px- Bronchiolar_epithelium_3_- _SEM.jpg

5. www.nlm.nih.gov/.../ency/imagepages/19533.htm

6. The Passage of Air The Bronchial Tree Structure: Made of cartilage. Trachea divides into two branches: bronchi. Then divide into "twigs": bronchioles. Then twigs open up to alveoli at the ends. Purpose: Spread air from trachea over as much area as possible. www.nanomedicine.com/NMI/Figures/8.12.jpg

7. The End of the Line Alveoli Structure: Alveoli are small clustered sacks at the end of the bronchioles. They are one cell thick and are covered in capillaries. Have a pulmonary surfactant layer. http://www.coolschool.ca/lor/BI12/unit11/U11L03.htm

8. The End of the Line Alveoli Purpose: Used for diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide in between the blood and the lungs. The spherical clusters increase surface area for diffusion. Thin walls allow passive transport a quick process. Lots of Capillaries increase contact with blood. Pulmonary surfactant prevents collapse during exhalation. http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Sciences/LifeScience/GeneralBiology/Physiology/R espiratorySystem/HumanRespiratory/humrespsys3.gif

9. Red Blood Cells Absorbs Oxygen - O2 diffuses from alveoli into the capillaries and into the red blood cells -O2 enters the blood through inhaling Releases Carbon Dioxide -CO2 diffuses from red blood cells through the capillary walls into alveoli. -CO2 is released by exhaling Hemoglobin- a protein molecule in red blood cells that moves oxygen from lungs to body's tissues and returns carbon dioxide from tissues to lungs http://www.bloodless.it/hemoglobin.jpg http://science.uwe.ac.uk/research/uploads/CRIB_blood_cells.jpg

10. Sources "Alveoli." Coolschool. 28 Oct 2008. "Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System Tutorial." The Virtual Autopsy. 28 Oct 2008. Campbell, Neil A. Biology. Third ed. University of California, Riverside, California: Benjamin Company, Inc., 1993. "Gas Exchange In Humans". Biology 2210. 28 Oct 2008. "Hemoglobin." MedicineNet. 2008. MedicineNet, Inc.. 28 Oct 2008. "How the Lungs Work". National Heart Blood and Lung Institute. 28 Oct 2008. "How Your Lungs Work". How Stuff Works. 28 Oct 2008.

11. Sources Cont. "Lung Lobes and the Bronchial Tree". Nanomedicine. 28 Oct 2008. "Lung Structure and Function". Oncology Research Therapudics, Inc.. 28 Oct 2008. Medlock, Amy. "Hemoglobin." 2007. 28 Oct 2008. "Production of Universal Blood Cells." Blog About Science. 2007. WordPress. 28 Oct 2008. Starr, Cecil, and Ralph Taggart. Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole, 2001. "Your Lungs: Human Respiratory System." Lungusa. The American Lung Association. 28 Oct 2008.