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CFE Higher Biology DNA and the Genome Structure and function of RNA.

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1 CFE Higher Biology DNA and the Genome Structure and function of RNA

2 CFE Higher Biology DNA and the Genome RNA There is a second type of nucleic acid in the cell, called RNA. RNA plays a vital role in the production of protein from the code in the DNA.

3 CFE Higher Biology DNA and the Genome Differences between DNA and RNA Phosphate Ribose Sugar … and Uracil replaces thymine 5’ end 3’ end 5’ pronounced “5 prime” RNA nucleotides are similar in structure to DNA, except Ribose sugar replaces Deoxyribose sugar…

4 CFE Higher Biology DNA and the Genome

5 CFE Higher Biology DNA and the Genome DNARNA Double strandedSingle stranded Deoxyribose sugarRibose sugar Bases: A, T, C and GBases: A, U*, C and G *Uracil replaces thymine

6 CFE Higher Biology DNA and the Genome Types of RNA There are three types of RNA: 1.Messenger RNA (mRNA) 2.Transfer RNA (tRNA) 3.Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

7 CFE Higher Biology DNA and the Genome mRNA mRNA is formed in the nucleus from free nucleotides and carries a copy of the DNA code from the nucleus to the ribosomes (where protein synthesis occurs).

8 CFE Higher Biology DNA and the Genome tRNA tRNA molecules collect amino acids and bring them to the ribosome to build proteins.

9 CFE Higher Biology DNA and the Genome rRNA rRNA molecules combine with proteins to create the ribosome – the organelle responsible for assembling proteins following the DNA code.

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