1. Conceptions of Love

2. Two Basic Types Love as Gift Love as Economic Exchange

3. Character of Love Love as Gift Donation Price-less Conceives love principally in terms of self-donation Love as Economic Exchange Debt Price-laden Conceives love in terms of a calculation or strategy measured by exchange value

4. Expectation of Return Love as Gift No return necessary Love can be understood to abide even if not returned Example: Parable of the Prodigal Son Love as Economic Exchange Return is necessary Love cannot be understood to abide if not returned

5. Foundation of Relationship Love as Gift Covenant Involves an “exchange” of persons Rooted in transcendent and immanent terms Sacrifice is an intrinsic term Permanence is an intrinsic term Love as Economic Exchange Contract Involves an exchange of value or relative advantage Rooted in immanent terms Sacrifice is an extrinsic term Permanence is an extrinsic term Like goods in a contract, love is subject to the terms of commodification

6. Eros-Agape Relation Love as Gift Affirms the distinction and relation of eros and agape Love as Economic Exchange Reduces all love to eros or “possessive” love alone

7. Relation to Economic Language Love as Gift Economic terms like value and advantage are subject to love Recognizes that love is good that is not subject to price or the manipulations of market exchange Love as Economic Exchange Love is subject to economic terms like value and advantage Like goods in a contract, love is subject to the terms of commodification and market fluctuation

8. Exercise of Love Love as Gift Virtue End Supreme good Good in and of itself Love as Economic Exchange Instrument Means Subordinate good Good only insofar as it allows to secure some other good.

9. Grammar Love as Gift Communion Cooperation Solidarity Vulnerability Sacrifice Open to possibilities one cannot control Love as Economic Exchange Competition Focus on Relative Advantage Maximization of Security Fulfillment of preferences Control Management Calculation

10. Understanding of the Human Person Love as Gift Integral Seeks comprehensive union, and so is open to sacrifice for others in all dimensions of our existence Love as Economic Exchange Dualist Seeks union in areas suitable one’s advantage

11. Goal Love as Gift Eternal goods Recognizes that to love as God loves is the heart’s deepest desire Love as Economic Exchange Finite or passing goods