1. ENGLISH LANGUAGE FOR GRADE 10BY
G.H.C.HAMBAYI

2. Parts of Speech Nouns Pronouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs Prepositions
Conjunctions
Interjections

3. Nouns and Pronous

4. Nouns
A noun is a word that names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea

5. Persons Places Things Ideas
Teacher cities baseball leadership
Mrs Musa Lusaka Hoe cowardice
Family Monze canoe liberty

6. There are several kinds of nouns: Proper and common, Compound, and Collective.

7. Proper and Common Nouns
A Proper noun is the name or title of a particular person, place, thing, or idea; it always begin with a capital letter.
A Common noun refers to a category or a class of people, places, thing, or ideas.
You cannot capitalize a common noun unless it begins a sentence.
Common Noun - She is going to school.
Proper Noun She is going to Chelstone School

8. Exercise 1 Label the following nouns as Proper or Common. river
newspaper
town
October
Richard
Choma

9. Compound Nouns
A Compound noun consist of two or more words used together to form a single noun. One kind of Compound noun consists of two or more words joined together.
blue + print = blueprint
Base + ball = baseball

10. A third kind of compound noun consists of two words often us they are not joined.
Mountain lion
Ice cream

11. A forth kind of compound noun is a proper name that consists of more than one word.
Mrs Hambayi
Gulf Stream

12. Collective Nouns
A collective noun refers to a group of people, places, things, or ideas.
The herd moved slowly across the prairie.
Our family discussed vacation plans.
[Herd and family are collective nouns.

13. Exercise 2 Identify the nouns in the following sentences. Example:
The aeroplane descended in the clouds.
Answer : aeroplane, clouds
1. He was a fellow named Bill.
2. Soon the first passenger walked down the steps
3. He headed for the line if taxis outside the terminal.

14. Pronouns
A pronoun is a word that replaces a noun. Pronouns identify persons, places, things, and ideas without renaming them.
Jane is an athlete. She trains everyday.
Many people attended the concert. They enjoyed it.
The noun that a pronoun replaced is the antecedent of the pronoun.

15. Personal Pronouns
Personal pronoun require different forms to express person, number, and gender .
When you write or speak about yourself, you use first-persons pronouns: I, me, we, us.
When you refer to your audience, you use the second-person pronoun, you.
When you refer to other people or things, you use third-person pronouns, such as he, she, they, it and them.

16. Possessive Pronoun
Personal pronouns have possessive forms to show ownership or belonging.
The house is ours.
Is that pen mine?