1. Principals of public administration

2. Hierarchy This simply means the orderly arrangement and distribution of power, functions, positions and authority in an organization. Here, the objectives of the organisation are sub-divided into sub-objectives; tasks are broken down into smaller units, power and authority delegated downwards.

3. Political Direction Public Administration obtains leadership from politics. It is said that Public Administration is the youngest branch of political science. Furthermore, public administration is a political system in action.

4. Unity of Command This means that each member of the organization should receive order from only one supervisor. This is to avoid conflict and confusion.

5. Public Responsibility Political representatives are responsible to the people for their acts of omissions and commissions. Public responsibility ensures the exercise of certain power and authority in the execution of specified duties of functions for the benefit of the people.

6. Unity of Direction Organisation is effective when members work together towards achieving same objectives.

7. Public Relations Public relations is a means through which people are informed about the policies and intention of the government.

8. Chain of Command There must be a chain of command in an organisation. This is the power and authority linkage order and power must flow from the top to the bottom in an unbroken order that makes for proper communication of decision taken at each level of authority.

9. Social Necessity The essence of public administration is the process of formulating and implementing public policies. Public here refers to the people or the masses in the society. Public policy goes to express the will of the people through providing them the civic amenities as well as developing them socially, economically and politically.

10. Span of Control This has to do with the number of the people that a supervisor should conveniently control.

11. Division of Labour This is because each worker can work at his or her area of competence.

12. Authority and Responsibility This is the right to give orders to subordinates and be responsible and accountable for such orders. They should also be responsible for the consequences of such orders.

13. Discipline This is the respect for or obedience of rules and objectives of the organisation. It is also obedience to constituted authority as represented by management of the organisation.

14. Efficiency Public administration must have efficient personnel to execute public programmes, satisfy the needs of the society and promote its expansion and growth.

15. Organisation This organisation is the basic principle of public administration capable of bringing human and material resources together for effective use and service to the people

16. Equity This means kindness and justice based on pre- determined conditions which must be known to all workers. The management should not be partial and should treat all workers fairly and as equals

17. Esprit-de-Corp This is unity. Union is strength; workers must cooperate and regard themselves as one in an attempt to achieve the organizational goals and objectives