1. India Lesson 2

2.  Explain the origin & impact of British rule in India.  Describe the path to independence.

3.  What role does reincarnation play in the Hindu religion and Indian way of life?  Soul is reborn (several times) in effort to be released (moksha) to join universal soul (Brahman). Karma determines lot (caste) of soul in next life, so be good in this one!

4.  1000-1500s Islam introduced  Mughal Dynasty balances tension  1600 British East India Company est. trade  Encourage rivalries  Outlaw Hindu practices  High taxes on farmers  Treaties expand power  1857 Sepoy Rebellion  Becomes direct rule colony

5.  Drawbacks  Industry declines, cash crops = less food, dependence on GB  Positives  Language, railroad & telegraph system, health care & sanitation, education, form of government

6.  1885: Indian National Congress  Shared governance  1906: Muslim League  Muhammad Ali Jinnah  1919: Amritsar Massacre  Public gathering Sikh temple  20s & 30s tension b/t religions grows Jawaharlal Nehru

7.  Takes Over INC  Home Rule (1920s)  “Satyagraha” – Civil Disobedience  Boycotts  Great Salt March (1930)  1939 “Quit India” Mvmt  No help WW2 w/o independence

8.  8-15-1947 Indian Independence Act  Hindu India (PM Jawaharlal Nehru)  Muslim Pakistan - E & W (Mohammed Ali Jinnah)  Explosion of violence & mass migration  1948 Gandhi assassinated Jinnah

9.  1947 Partition  India  E & W Pakistan  First Kashmir War  Prince Hindu v. Population Muslim (backed by Pak)  India helps put down rebellion (Oct ‘47)  Pakistan declares war (47- 49).  Karachi Agreement  Line of Control, Plebiscite  Azad vs. Jammu Kashmir  Second Kashmir War  1965 Pak crosses Line, India launched invasion.  Ceasefire – UN monitored, arms buildup on Line  Border conflicts still occurring!  1971 India helps East Pakistan in fight against West Pakistan  Creation of Bangladesh

10.  1949 Constitution  Parliament (Prime Minister) & President  Jawaharlal Nehru INC  1947-1964  Modernization (Industry & Agriculture)  Indira Gandhi INC  1966-77, 80- 84  Assassinated 1984  Rajiv Gandhi INC  1984 – 1991 (assassinated)  BJP-led coalition govt 1990s.  Atal Vajpayee 98-04  Manmohan Singh INC  2004 – 2014  Narendra Modi BJP  2014 - Present

11.  A Tale of 2 India’s  India at a Crossroads  India’s Raucous Rise  Read & Answer Questions  Share main ideas from each article.

12.  Why didn’t the partition of India bring a lasting peace?