1. Bellringer: 10/30 and 11/4
Write down or discuss with your neighbors 3-4 things you remember about the Persian Empire.

2. Table of Contents Update:
Page #:

3. Agenda: 1. Bellringer 2. Notes: Greek Geography and Origins
3. Activities:
Geography Packet
Perseus Myth Reading

4. Greek Geography and Origins
Ms. Allen
World History

5. Europe: An Overview

6. Satellite View More vegetation than the Middle East
Q: What do you notice about Europe [compared to Middle East of Mesopotamia, Judaea, Asia Minor?

7. Map 1: Regions of Europe Northern Europe Western Europe Eastern Europe
Not clearly defined!
Central Europe
Southern Europe

8. Map 2: Peninsulas on Europe
Balkan Peninsula
Peloponnesus
Italian
Iberian
Normandy
Scandinavian
Scandinavia
Normandy
Q: If lots of peninsulas, then lots of what?
Iberia
Italy
Balkans
Peloponnesus

9. Map 3: Bodies of Water Mediterranean Sea Black Sea Aegean Sea
Adriatic Sea
Strait of Gibraltar
English Channel
North Sea
Baltic Sea
North Sea
Baltic Sea
English Channel
Q: If lots of peninsulas, then lots of what?
Black Sea
Adriatic Sea
Strait of Gibraltar
AegeanSea
Mediterranean Sea

10. List the Major Rivers: Important boundaries: Rhine Danube
Important trade route:
Dnieper

11. Map 4: Mountains Alps Pyrenees Apennines Caucasus Urals Urals Alps
Show me the mountains.
Alps and Pyrenees are natural protective barriers.
Apennines

12. The Geography of Greece

13. Where is it? The Balkan Peninsula: (land surrounded by water on three sides), includes Greece and other Southeastern European countries

15. Geographic Terms
With the person next to you, do your best to define the following geographic terms on your notes:
Isthmus
Peninsula
Strait
Island
Arable land

16. An example of a strait (narrow body of water connecting two larger bodies of water) are the Dardanelles and Bosphorus Strait

17. Peninsula EX: Balkan Peninsula
Definition: A piece of land surrounded by water on 3 sides

18. Isthmus EX: Isthmus of Corinth
Definition: A narrow strip of land with sea on either side, forming a link between two larger areas of land.

19. Island EX: Rhodes, Delos, Samos, Crete
Definition: A piece of land surrounded entirely by water

20. Arable Land
EX:
Definition: Land that is suitable for farming that can sustain and produce good crop yields

22. Facts of Life: Greek Geography Edition

26. Mountainous Terrain Contrast to…
Civilizations with flatter terrain (i.e. Egypt)
Civilizations with more traversable or arable land
Effect on Greece…
City-states develop in isolation
Less unified, harder to unify because of geographic barriers

28. Hundreds of Islands dotted between adjacent seas
Contrast to…
Centralized, unified empires
Civilizations not separated by water
Effect on Greece…
Forced to develop seafaring abilities (look to the Phoenician design for ships)
Travel is difficult (by land)
Not easy to get from city-state to city-state quickly

29. Throwback: Royal Road (Persia)

30. Travel is a problem… Royal Road: 1500 miles, 9 days
Sparta to Olympia: 60 miles, 7 days

32. Many small streams, no large rivers
Contrast to…
River valley civilizations and their successors (i.e. Yellow River Valley  Qin and Han China)
Other classical civilizations
Effect on Greece…
Travel/transportation is more difficult
No “flooding” to help crops grow
Harder to establish contact with other civilizations outside the Mediterranean region

34. Few fertile plains for growing crops
Contrast to…
River valley civilizations
Other classical civilizations
Effect on Greece…
Economy centered on trade, not agriculture
Difficulty growing crops
Forced to trade for sustenance

36. Climate problems: Constant sun and little rain
Contrast to…
Non-Mediterranean civilizations
Civilizations where climate was less mild
Effect on Greece…
Difficulty producing crops
Droughts

37. Why did Greek city-states develop independently?

38. Activities: Using the packet readings and your logic skills…
Label The Map of Greece (pp )
Label Greece in the World (pp , 139, 145)
Read the information about the Geography of Greece and answer the questions

39. Early Greeks: The Minoans c. 3200 -1100 BCE
Lived on island of Crete
Great navigators and farmers
Palace led political, social and economic organization at Knossos
Artistic expressions and grand construction
Advancements in bronze
Built sanctuaries

40. Minoan Culture
Art work (drawings, murals or frescoes) at Knossos shows dangerous sports such as leaping over the backs of charging bulls as well as dancing, athletics, and festivals

41. Myth of the Minotaur Minoan Myth of King Minos at Knossos
Theseus defeats the Minotaur (half man half bull) and escapes from the maze like structure called the labyrinth, saving the youth of Athens

42. THEORIES FOR DECLINE OF MINOANS
1750 BCE- earthquake destroys Minoan palaces
1628 BCE- volcano erupts at Thera
1400 BCE- War between Minoans and Myceaneans led to decline of power

43. Enter the Mycenaeans c. 1700 – 600 BCE
1490 BCE- Minoan palaces had been rebuilt however all were destroyed except at Knossos by Mycenaean warriors
Mycenaeans took control of Crete at Knossos by 1500 BCE
Myceneans controlled mainland Greece = main political centre was Mycenae
More interested in war as pottery and grave sites reflect hunting, weapons, armour and war as well as fortified palace walls
Slowly Minoan culture and traditions disappeared

44. THEORIES FOR DECLINE OF MYCEANEANS
Shift in climate leading to drought forcing Myceanans to migrate to more fertile lands
Tribe of nomadic warriors from north of Greece (Dorians) destroyed Mycenaeans