1. Energy F Read Ch 9 & 10 http://life.uiuc.edu/animalbiology/105/ ID: eee105 Password: prAIRie

2. detritus detritus Energy Food chain E producer primary secondary consumer Trophic levels respiration Photosynthetic food chain

3. Ecosystems The pattern of interaction between organisms and their physical environment Energy Materials Information Energy

4. First energy sources were biomass Wood deforestation

5. First energy sources were biomass deforestation

6. First energy sources were biomass Wood Animal power

7. First energy sources were biomass Wood Animal power Steam power

8. Steam Power

9. Industrial Revolution

10. First energy sources were biomass Wood Animal power Steam power Fossil fuels coal

11. Coal formed in the Carboniferous Era 360 to 286 million years ago Nov 20 - Nov 28

12. Coal formed in the Carboniferous Era

14. First energy sources were biomass Wood Animal power Steam power Fossil fuels coal oil

15. Oil seeps

16. Oil kerosene

17. John D. Rockefeller

19. Automobile created oil boom Henry Ford 1900: 8,000 U.S. autos 1920: 8,000,000 U.S. autos

20. Oil pipelines

22. Regional Total Energy Consumption Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 25 countries

23. Regional Total Energy Consumption EE/FSU Asia Latin America Africa mid-East Over half the world’s energy consumption

24. OECD Energy Consumption Gas Nuclear

27. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Formed 1960 controls 75% of worlds oil reserves

28. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC back to 1990 export levels

29. Energy Consumption (1998) Per capita (as tons of oil) USA7.86 Canada7.61 Germany4.11 France4.05 Japan3.72 S. America0.67 Africa0.33

30. Energy Usage Residential and commercial usage 30% of North American energy usage mostly for air conditioning refrigeration space heating water heating

31. Energy Usage Residential and commercial usage 30% of North American energy usage but in less developed countries mostly for cooking

32. Energy Usage Residential and commercial usage Industrial Use ~ 30% in U.S. more efficient in MDC’s

33. Energy Usage Residential and commercial usage Industrial Use Transportation use

35. Transportation Energy Use (1998) Per capita (gigajoules) USA106 Holland 41

36. Transportation Energy Use (1998) Per capita (gigajoules) USA106 Holland 41 Japan 28 Mexico 17 Zimbabwe 4 India 2

37. Transportation Energy Use In U.S.: government subsidies Although rail & bus transport is twice as energy efficient for highways & trucking U.S. autos consume 15% of world oil supply

38. Transportation Energy Use U.S. autos consume 15% of world oil supply The automobiles of the rest of the world consume 7% of world’s oil Public transportation is more energy efficient