1. RESOURCE USE AND SUSTAINABILITY POPULATION, RESOURCES AND OUR SURVIVAL

2. CONSUMPTION AND SURVIVAL Consumption: the core issue of the present time.Consumption: the core issue of the present time. Imbalanced consumption: Rich, less populated West consumes much more than poor, more populated Third WorldImbalanced consumption: Rich, less populated West consumes much more than poor, more populated Third World Different consumption patterns–Different consumption patterns– 1. North: Consumer culture; 1. North: Consumer culture; 2. South: Basic needs 2. South: Basic needs Consumption: The most imminent danger to our survivalConsumption: The most imminent danger to our survival

3. Natural Resource Consumption Patterns Countries Developed (North) Developing (South) Energy Largest consumers of fossil fuels Wood and Wood products Forests Cleared there forests already Clearing there forests Raw materials Import from the South; Heavy consumption Some countries catching up with the North: India and China Growth Consumption reached a plateau Tries to catch up with the North

4. Effects Why are fossil fuels not sustainable?– Because we are using them up faster than they can be replaced naturallyWhy are fossil fuels not sustainable?– Because we are using them up faster than they can be replaced naturally Marine fisheries of the open ocean, many are now endangeredMarine fisheries of the open ocean, many are now endangered Consumption of metal, fiber, and food causes primarily local, not global, environmental degradation.Consumption of metal, fiber, and food causes primarily local, not global, environmental degradation. Industrial chemicals degrade the Earth's stratospheric ozone shieldIndustrial chemicals degrade the Earth's stratospheric ozone shield Effects may be compounded when the people of the South claim their rightful share of the Earth's natural resources and their countries become industrialized.Effects may be compounded when the people of the South claim their rightful share of the Earth's natural resources and their countries become industrialized.

5. Energy consumption per capita per country

6. CO2 emission per capita per year per country

9. Environmental Impacts of Consumption Calculations show that the planet has available 1.9 hectares of biologically productive land per person to supply resources and absorb wastes— yet the average person on Earth already uses 2.3 hectares worth. These “ecological footprints” range from the 9.7 hectares claimed by the average American to the 0.47 hectares used by the average Mozambican.Calculations show that the planet has available 1.9 hectares of biologically productive land per person to supply resources and absorb wastes— yet the average person on Earth already uses 2.3 hectares worth. These “ecological footprints” range from the 9.7 hectares claimed by the average American to the 0.47 hectares used by the average Mozambican.

10. Social Fallout of Consumption An estimated 65 % of U.S. adults are overweight or obese, leading to an annual loss of 300,000 lives and at least $117 billion in health care costs in 1999.An estimated 65 % of U.S. adults are overweight or obese, leading to an annual loss of 300,000 lives and at least $117 billion in health care costs in 1999. In 2002, 61 % of U.S. credit card users carried a monthly balance, averaging $12,000 at 16 % interest. This amounts to about $1,900 a year in finance charges—more than the average per capita income in at least 35 countries (in purchasing power parity).In 2002, 61 % of U.S. credit card users carried a monthly balance, averaging $12,000 at 16 % interest. This amounts to about $1,900 a year in finance charges—more than the average per capita income in at least 35 countries (in purchasing power parity).

11. The U.S. consumes 25% of the energy produced in the world while only having 4.6% of the world’s population.The U.S. consumes 25% of the energy produced in the world while only having 4.6% of the world’s population.

12. LAWS RELATING TO SUSTAINABILITY A population growth rate less than or equal to zero and declining rates of consumption of resources are necessary conditions for a sustainable society.A population growth rate less than or equal to zero and declining rates of consumption of resources are necessary conditions for a sustainable society. Unsustainability will be the certain result of any program of "development," that ignores the problem of population growth and that does not plan the achievement of zero or a period of negative growth of populations and of rates of consumption of resources.Unsustainability will be the certain result of any program of "development," that ignores the problem of population growth and that does not plan the achievement of zero or a period of negative growth of populations and of rates of consumption of resources. Societies, or sectors of a society, that depend on population growth or growth in their rates of consumption of resources, are unsustainable.Societies, or sectors of a society, that depend on population growth or growth in their rates of consumption of resources, are unsustainable. Contd…… Contd……

13. The larger the population of a society, (India and China) and/or the larger its rates of consumption of resources, (U.S.) the more difficult it will be to transform the society to the condition of sustainability.The larger the population of a society, (India and China) and/or the larger its rates of consumption of resources, (U.S.) the more difficult it will be to transform the society to the condition of sustainability. Sustainability requires that the size of the population be less than or equal to the carrying capacity of the ecosystem for the desired standard of living.Sustainability requires that the size of the population be less than or equal to the carrying capacity of the ecosystem for the desired standard of living. The benefits of population growth and of growth in the rates of consumption of resources accrue to a few individuals; the costs of population growth and growth in the rates of consumption of resources are borne by all of society.The benefits of population growth and of growth in the rates of consumption of resources accrue to a few individuals; the costs of population growth and growth in the rates of consumption of resources are borne by all of society. The benefits of large efforts to preserve the environment are easily canceled by the added demands on the environment that result from small increases in human population.The benefits of large efforts to preserve the environment are easily canceled by the added demands on the environment that result from small increases in human population.