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Published byAldous Morris Modified over 9 years ago
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Cryogenic Course Beamline for Schools Cryogenic Course Beamline for Schools Torsten Koettig TE-CRG-CI 1
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Overview of cryogenics at CERN 2 Superconducting magnets of LHC accelerator Helium at different operating temperatures (thermal shields, beam screens, distribution and magnets,…) Main users - Accelerators
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Overview of cryogenics at CERN 3 Cryogenic installations in Irrad zone
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THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES Fluid 4 HeN2N2 ArH2H2 O2O2 KrNeAirWater Boiling temperature (Tb) – 1.013 bar (K) 4.277.387.320.390.2119.827.178.8373 Latent heat (evaporation at Tb) – kJ/kg 21199.1163.2448213.1107.787.2205.22260 Ratio volume gas (273 K) /liquid 7096527957988086531356685----- Specific mass of liquid (at Tb) – kg/m3 125804140071114024131204874960 4 Demonstration: LN 2 properties: clear liquid, mist of moisture, Balloons Cryogenic Fluids
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General Safety Practices 5 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Safety glasses (or face shield) Cryogenic gloves =>loosely fitting Full length pants that extend over shoe tops Closed-toed shoes that are impermeable to liquids Warning signs Demonstration: Condensation of Oxygen, Gysir, Table tennis balls, Film box
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Cryogenic hazardous events 6 PHYSIOLOGICAL – CONTACT BURNS/FROST BITE Due to the low viscosity and surface tension of cryogens, it will flow through clothing much faster than water. Demonstration: Leidenfrost effect fingers, cold surfaces, gummy bears, fabric Contact burns: Similar to hot burns Frost bite => freezing of skin and body parts: Permanent damage and discoloration seconds Exposure time on the order of seconds, not minutes! Inhalation: Inhalation of cold vapour can cause damage to the lungs and may trigger an asthma attack.
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