2. The states of matter are the physical forms in which a substance can exist. Water exists in three different states of matter: Solid (ice) Liquid (water) Gas (steam)

3. Moving Particles Make Up All Matter Matter consists of tiny particles called atoms and molecules. These atoms and molecules are always in motion and are constantly bumping into one another The state of matter of a substance is determined by how fast the particles move and how strongly the particles are attracted to one another.

4. Kinetic Molecular Theory 1.Matter is composed of small particles (molecules). 2.The measure of space that the molecules occupy (volume) is determined by the space in between the molecules 3.The molecules are in constant motion. This motion is different for the 3 states of matter. (solid, liquid and gas)

5. Solid Molecules are held close to each other by their attraction. They will bend and/or vibrate, but will stay close together.

6. Most solids have a very orderly arrangement of particles. The particles are arranged in a repeating pattern. If you were a particle in a solid, your position in the solid is your chair. Think about the different types of motion that are possible even though you cannot leave your chair.

7. Liquid Molecules will flow or glide over one another, but stay toward the bottom of the container. Motion is a bit more random than that of a solid

8. The particles in liquids move fast enough to overcome some of the attractions between them. The particles slide past each other until the liquid takes the shape of its container. Even though liquids change shape, they do not change volume.

9. A can of soda contains a certain volume of liquid regardless of whether you pour it into a large container or a small one.

10. Two important properties of liquids are surface tension and viscosity. Surface tension is the force acting on the particles at the surface of a liquid that causes the liquid to form spherical drops. Viscosity is a liquid’s resistance to flow. –For example, honey flows more slowly than water because it has a higher viscosity than water.

11. Gas Molecules are in constant motion. The energy of the molecule is greater than the attraction between them, thus they are much farther apart and move freely of each other

12. Gas is the state in which matter changes in both shape and volume Particles in a gas move fast enough to break away completely from one another Particles in a gas have less attraction between them than particles in the solid or liquid state In a gas, there is empty space between particles