1. States of Matter States of matter= the physical forms in which a substance can exist EXAMPLE: water exists in solid (s), Liquid (l), and gas (g) forms Solid water= ice Liquid= water Gas= steam (water vapor)

2. Moving particles make up matter!! Matter consists of tiny particles called atoms & molecules that are too tiny to see with a microscope Atoms and molecules are constantly moving and bumping into one another! Atoms and molecules are attracted to each other

3. Model of a solid SOLID= state in matter that has definite shape and volume Particles are STRONGLY attracted Held tightly in place Particles VIBRATE in place

4. 1. Solid Definite shape Definite volume Tightly packed. Slowly vibrating molecules and atoms. They do not change position

5. 2 types of solids 1. Crystalline Very orderly, 3-dimensional, particles arranged in a repeating pattern of rows EXAMPLES: iron, diamond, and ice 2. Amorphous Composed of atoms or molecules that are in no particular order or pattern EXAMPLES: rubber and wax

6. Model of liquid LIQUID= matter that takes the shape of its container and has definite volume Particles are able to slide past one another Move fast enough to overcome the attraction between them

7. 2. Liquids No definite shape Definite volume Takes the shape of the container and has a horizontal surface Move faster, less tightly packed. Can change position

8. 2 Liquid Properties 1. Surface tension= the force acting on the particles at the surface that causes a drop to look spherical Different liquids have different surface tensions 2. Viscosity= liquids resistance to flow Stronger the attraction, MORE viscous Weaker the attraction, LESS viscous

10. Model of a Gas GAS= matter changes both shape and volume Move fast enough to overcome attraction Particles move independently from each other Amount of empty space can change

11. 3. Gases No definite shape or volume Molecules spread out to fill container Temperature and pressure changes have large effects on gases Very spread out, moving very quickly

12. Gas Under Pressure Pressure= the amount of force exerted on a given area # of collisions in a closed container As the # of collisions increase, force increases, pressure increases

13. Review: