1. Exam Review: March 9, 2010 50110Xm1Review.PPt Updated: March 8, 2010

2. Intro501: Introduction to Cancer Biology and to the Course (501Intro.ppt)

3. Figure 1.11a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Banding pattern of normal metaphase human chromosomes

4. Figure 1.11b The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) of normal metaphase human chromosomes using chromosome specific DNA probes with different fluorescent dyes

5. Figure 1.11c The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Aneuploid karyotype of human breast cancer cell. Note “scrambling” of colors demonstrating chromosomal reciprocal translocations

6. Figure 1.11d The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Intra- chromosonal inversion by M-band fluorescent in situ hybridization( mFISH)

7. Figure 1.14a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Cytoskeleton: Actin microfilaments Microtubules Intermediate filaments

8. Figure 1.14b The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Intermediate Filaments of epithelial cell (keratin) in green Plasma membrane in blue

9. Figure 1.14d The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) 3T3 Mouse Fibroblast attached to fibronectin extra- cellular matrix by integrin receptors

10. Clinical Presentation of Cancers (Clinical.ppt)

11. Please be sure to send in your name under “Send User Data” as Usual: Then respond: I am here for this Exam Review. 1.Yes 2.No 3.Not Sure

12. Figure 16.1b The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

13. Figure 16.1a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

14. Figure 16.45a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

15. See Figure 11.1, Cancer incidence at various ages for men and women. p. 400. Weinberg. Note maximum incidence per 100,000 population at about age 70, then drop off after that age. Serious incidence begins around age 35 except for breast cancer which can have an earlier onset depending on genetics. Incidence of Various Kinds of Cancers in Men and Women as a Function of Age

16. Figure 16.45c The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

17. Figure 11.8b The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

18. Figure 14.50a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

19. Figure 14.50b The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

20. Epidemiology of Cancers (Epidemio.ppt)

22. Figure 4.12 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Incidence of Burkitt’s Lymphoma in Relation to Infectious Disease Etiology: Aedes simpsoni mosquito transmission vector for malaria and Epstein Barr Virus co-infection

23. Figure 2.20 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Cancer Incidence Following Migration p. 45

24. CigBooze

25. Definitions of Classifications of Cancer (DefClass.ppt)

27. Normal Secretory & Ciliated Epithelial Cells Figure 16-19, ECB, 1998, p. 528 RespCilia Ciliated Epithelium of Human Respiratory Tract

28. Figure 11.7 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Prpgression in Neoplastic Development: Weinberg, Chapter 11 on Multistep Tumorigenesis. Figure 11.7

29. Cancer Incidence 2002: 1,285,000. Cancer Deaths 555,000. 43% Death Rate Cancer Incidence 2009: 1,479,000. Cancer Deaths 562,000. 38% Death Rate

30. Table 2.3 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) p. 33

31. Hematopoiesis (formation of blood cells) Fig 2-1, Kuby 4th Ed. p. 28 HematoAll

32. Pluripotent Stem Cell and Lymphoid and Myeloid Lineages (Fig 2-1, Kuby 4th Ed. p. 28 Myeloid Stem Cell StemCell

33. Lymphoid Lineage Fig 2-1 Kuby 4th Ed p. 28

34. Myeloid Lineage (Kuby, Fig 2-1, 4th Ed., p. 28) Myeloid

35. Figure 8.32 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) Disease Progression in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia p. 293

36. Model Systems in the Study of Cancers (Models.ppt)

38. Figure 13.8 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) p. 539 Primary excised surgical tumor pieces Surgical specimens after 3 to 6 months growth sub-cutaneously in SCID Mice Prostate and colon cancer cell lines propagated in vitro and implanted Comparisons of Two Primary Cancers vs the Cancers Propagated as Model Systems Cancer Comparisons

39. Cancer Model Systems In Vitro (in Cell, Tissue, or Organ Culture) Normal Cells in Culture Transformed Cells Chemically Virally By Irradiation Neoplastic Cells from Animal Tumors Neoplastic Cells Cultured from Human Cancers CxVitro

40. Animal Tumor Models in Vivo Source of the Tumor Challenge Cells Implanted Cultured Neoplastic Cells Transplanted from Donor Animals Early vs Later Transplant Generations Induced in the Tumor-bearing Host Animals Spontaneous (by Genetic Selection) Chemical, Viral, Radiation Induction Excised fromVeterinaryAnimals AnimlCx1

41. Clinical Human Cancers as "Model" Systems Advantages: The Closest "Model" to the Ultimate Goals...The Best Model for Human Cancer Patient Feed-back and Cooperation Limitations Unmatched, genetically unique subjects Powerful ethical limitations Patient Independence and Failure to Comply Prior or Concomitant Treatment Video on Clinical Trials in Patients A note on Experimental Cancer Therapy and National Health-Care Policy – Keith Olbermann, MSNBC Countdown, February 9, 2010

42. Properties of Cancer Cells and Tissues (CellProp.ppt)

43. Figure 10.2 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) p. 359 Senescence of Human Fibroblasts Passaged Beyond 60 Cell Doublings In Cell Culture

44. Figure 10.11 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) p. 369 Telomeres* on normal cells protect chromosome ends Cells with blocked telomere formation show extensive chromosme fusion leading to cell death * Telomeres labelled green by Fluorescence in situ hybridization with DNA probe that recognizes repeated nucleotide base sequence in telomeric DNA Protective Effect of Telomeres on Chromosome Integrity

45. 12 Different Cell- signaling pathways potentially containing aberrant protein components in 24 different patients with pancreatic cancers. From Science, Sept. 26, 2008 Jones et al. pp 1801-1806 Note integrin signaling

46. Cancer Cell Heterogeneity (Hetero.ppt)

47. Figure 11.19 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) p. 422 Chromosome 11 is Blue-Green. Chromosome 17 is pink by FISH with DNA Probes Pleural effusion, non-small cell lung carcinoma in a patient. Heterogeneit y in chromosome number and in nuclear size

48. Progression in Cancer Initiation and Development (Progress. Ppt)

49. Progressive Steps in Neoplastic Cell Development: Hyperplasia and Dysplasia

50. Progressive Steps in Neoplastic Cell Development: Cancer In situ and Invasive Cancer Situ&Invade

51. Figure 11.10 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) p. 409 Loss of Tumor Suppressor Genes (TSG) in Progression in Colon Carcinoma “DCC” Gene = Deleted in Colon Carcinoma “APC” = Adenomatous polyposis coli gene (Cancer suppressor gene) “K-ras” = Oncogene activated, transduced, or mutated, first identified in virally-induced rat sarcoma

52. RTKRTK RTKRTK Ras Pathway SHC GDP GTP CD-GEGII GAP GTP Elk1 c-Fos ATF2 c-Jun Actin Cytoskeleton P PPPPP Stress Fibers and Focal Adhesions Gene Expression PLD Pathway PMA Growth Factors Increased T Cell Adhesion Integrins β1β1 β1β1 β2β2 β2β2 β2β2 β2β2 β1β1 β1β1 β1β1 β1β1 SOS p120- GAP p190-B Rho PI3K PLC- ε Rap1A PLD RalBP1 PAKs ERKs JNKK JNK MEKK1 CDC42 Rac MEKsRaf RalGDS Ral GRB2 TCRTCR TCRTCR Antigen Lck GEF Ras 2009 ProteinLounge.com 2009 ProteinLounge.com C

53. Figure 11.43 The Biology of Cancer ( © Garland Science 2007) p. 459 hTert = Telomerase catalytic subunit

54. A Note About Completing Matching Questions 1.Each response in column B can be used only once. 2.Strike off a response from Column B when you use it in column A. 3.You have to match the best response from column B to the item in column A, not just one that might fit. 4.If you use a less-than-optimal response from Column B, you won’t have that response when you need it. 5.Answer the matching items that you are completely sure about. 6.That reduces the number of options you have to deal with. 7.The more you actually know for sure, the easier this kind of question is because it reduces your uncertainties to a very low number of options.

55. This slide will be set to anonymous so it should say “Not accepting user data”. Your response is important so please provide your opinion. Please respond to the following: This review for the mid-term exam was 1.Not very useful and not worth doing. 2.Reasonably useful. Overall worth doing. 3.A really good idea. You should do it for other exams. 0 of 95