1. History Alive! Pursuing American Ideals The Age of Innovation and Industry: CS 10: CS 10: The rise of corporations, heavy industry, mechanized farming and technological innovations transformed the American economy from an agrarian to an increasingly urban industrial society.

2. Engagement Chinese Fortune Cookie! Homemade Homemade vs IndustrializedIndustrialized

3. Small Group 1.List all the steps in the fortune cookie making process. 2.For each step list the specific invention needed to complete that process.

4. The Age of Innovation and Industry 1.Start your Notes with the Date.

5. Question : Which ideas from Section 2 Reading and Chart are seen in this clip? Shark Tank

6. Capitalism/Capitalist Definition: An economic system in which factories, and other means of production are privately owned rather than government controlled. Capitalist: –Provided financial backing for scientific research and new machinery

7. Heavy Industry New innovations like the Bessemer process allowed the steel industry to explode!

8. The Bessemer Process A new method of converting iron to steel patented by Henry Bessemer Involved blowing air through molten iron which removed it’s impurities This made steel harder, stronger, and lighter than iron making it more preferred This process also aloud steel to be produced more cheaply and quickly

9. Mechanized Farming From the beginning of America until the IR, the U.S. was an agrarian country using farm animals to do the work.

10. With the onset of the IR, even farming became heavily mechanized. (machines do the work)

11. Cite 1 piece of Evidence from your textbook reading that would help to explain this trend!

13. Production Methods? Frederick Taylor: Used scientific methods to analyze the production process Time-and-motion studies Determined the most efficient way to work quickly Thus increasing productivity and profits

14. Industrial Growth Key Factors: Capital – any asset that can be used to produce an income including money, buildings, tools, and/or machinery

15. Industrial Growth Corporations – a company that exists independently from the owners (investors) Corporations would become known as “Big Business” Unlike traditional businesses, big businesses were responsible to their investors and driven by profit.

16. Reducing Competition Monopoly – Company that completely dominates a particular industry (Standard Oil) Trusts – Set of companies managed by a small group to prevent them from competing with one another

18. Horizontal Integration Definition: –A corporate expansion strategy. –Involves joining together as many firms from the same industry as possible. John D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil

19. Vertical Integration Definition: –Corporate expansion strategy –Control of each step in the production and distribution of a product. Acquiring raw materials to manufacturing, packaging, and shipping.

20. Laissez-Faire Definition: – U.S. Economic Policy during the Age of Industrialization. regulate –The idea that the free market, through supply and demand, will regulate itself if government does not interfere.

21. Pro’s and Con’s of Monopoly and L-F? PRO Owners are experts in their industry Social Darwinism = best made products “Business of America is Business!” $ will “Trickle Down” CON Decrease Competition Hurts Consumers –Higher Prices and Less Choice Hurts Workers –Profit above Safety, Happiness, Job Security

22. According to the cartoon, how was the United States in the 1990s similar to the United States in the 1890s?

23. Time Warner Internet Movies Cable Providers MoviesTelevision Publishing Cartoon Network Turner Network Television (TNT) AOL Instant Messenger MapQuest Winamp Amazon.com (partial) Netscape Time Warner Cable Castle Rock Entertainment Warner Bros. Studios Hanna - Barbera Cartoons CNN HBO Court TV Road Runner Time People Mag. Sunset Books Sports Illustrated Fortune Kablevision (53.75% - cable television in Hungary) Radio CNN Radio http://cjrarchives.org/tools/owners/timewarner.asp

26. America in the Gilded Age 1.To cover with or as if with a thin layer of gold. 2.To give an often deceptively attractive or improved appearance to

29. Captains of Industry (Entrepreneurs) How did the captains of industry create and maintain control of United States industry?

30. What is a Captain of Industry?! A business leader whose way of achieving personal fortune contributes positively to the country in some way. This can be through: Increasing Production Providing Jobs Philanthropy

31. Someone who makes large charitable donations ($$) to improve the well-being of others. What is a Philanthropist?! This is often to: Hospitals/ Medicine Schools/ Universities Libraries

32. A business man who dominated their industry and made huge fortunes through unfair business practices. What is a Robber Baron?! This was done by: Eliminating smaller/weaker businesses Holding all of the power in their company Sometimes used illegal business practices

33. Andrew Carnegie: Controlled the steel Industry Brought the Bessemer Process from England -Made it easy and cheap to make large amounts of steel by refining iron. -Steel production increased 500 times 1867-1900

34. Andrew Carnegie: Used vertical integration to be successful. Vertical Integration = Owning all aspects of production for a certain product. As a result the owner makes all the profit (money) Was a Philanthropist who gave money to libraries.

35. John D. Rockefeller Owned the Standard Oil Trust Had a reputation as a Robber Baron

36. John D. Rockefeller Tried to control all businesses in the oil industry Gave away more than $500 million during his lifetime

37. Cornelius Vanderbilt Built a huge railroad empire through ruthless business tactics, Had a reputation as a robber baron

38. Cornelius Vanderbilt Left $1 million to Vanderbilt University after his death. He is the 2 nd wealthiest person in U.S. History