1. FOREIGN LANGUAGES UNIT
ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY OFFICE OF BASIC & ELECTIVE COURSES
ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY
FOREIGN LANGUAGES UNIT
ACS 206 ME
UNIT 32 – WEEK 14
STRUCTURAL MECHANICS

2. VOCABULARY ITEMS

3. Reaction (n.) / React (v.)
Synonym: To counteract / to resist
Reaction (n.) / React (v.)
Definition: action in opposite direction / to act in opposite direction
E.g.: When a stable thing is forced to move, that thing will show a reaction towards the opposite direction.
When a moving object is forced to stop, it will equally react in the opposite direction.
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4. in equilibrium
Definition: the state of being stable; fixed; not moving
E.g.: In Physics, objects are in equilibrium when the state of a body or physical system at rest or in unaccelerated motion in which the resultant of all forces acting on it is zero.
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5. Statically determinate structure
Definition: structures that are in equilibrium, designed not to move
E.g.:A statically determinate structure is one where there is only one distribution of internal forces and reactions which satisfies equilibrium. In a statically determinate structure, internal forces and reactions can be determined by considering nothing more than equations of equilibrium
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6. Component force
Definition: (Mech.) a force which, acting conjointly with one or more forces, produces the effect of a single force or resultant; one of a number of forces into which a single force may be resolved.
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7. Resultant force
Definition: Objects usually have more than one force acting on them at any time. If both the forces are acting in a straight line: We can add or subtract the forces to show the overall effect on the object called the resultant force.
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8. Resultant force
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9. Gravity (n.) (also gravitation)
Definition: A vertical downward force acting on an object.
E.g.: Sir Isaac Newton put forward the theory of gravity, which shook the science world fundamentally.
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10. Centre of gravity
Definition: an imaginary point of an object assumed by engineers on which gravity is exerted
E.g.: Centre of gravity can be within or outside of an object depending on the position and shape of the object.
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11. Frame (n.) (also Iframework)
Definition: A thin structure that forms the outer body of something
A bicycle frame
A house Frame
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12. Lattice (n.)
Definition: a structure made from strips of wood or other material which cross over each other with spaces between
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13. Stiff (adj.) Definition: firm or hard
E.g.: If a material is stiff, it is more likely to resist deformation.
To stiffen (v.): to make hard, to make stiff; or to brace
E.g.: Spraying will stiffen your hair so that it can be long-lasting.
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14. Pin joint
Definition: A pin joint is a solid cylinder-shaped device, similar to a bolt, which is used to connect objects at the joint area. This type of joint connection allows each object to rotate at the point of joint connection.
E.g.: Pin joints are used in door hinges and folding mechanisms
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15. truss (n.)
Definition: entirely pin-jointed lattices stiffened with cross-members
E.g.: In architecture a truss is a structure comprising one or more triangular units constructed with straight members whose ends are connected at joints
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16. tie (n.)
Definition: one of the members of a truss which can resist tension
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17. strut (n.) Definition: members of a truss that resist compression
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18. Rigid joint
Definition: A joint which does not flex, is thick and securely joined
E.g.: A rigid joint method can be developed for very tall buildings to form a rigid external 'tube'. Instead of having cross bracing, the external structure is stiffened by very deep beams and wide columns.
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19. 32.1 (p. 71)
Complete the explanation using words and explanations from A (p. 70)
1. statically determinate structures
2. counteracted
3. reaction
4. in equilibrium

20. 32.2 (p. 71)
Complete the text using words and expressions from A, B, and C (p. 70).
1. component
2. resultant
3. pin joints
4. truss
5. centre of gravity

21. 32.3 (p. 71)
In diagram 2, which of the members (a-c) are ties, and which are struts?
a= strut
b= strut
c= tie

22. 32.4 (p. 71)
Choose the correct words from the brackets to complete the sentences?. Look at C (p. 70) to help you.
Frameworks
Pin joint
Compression
braced