1. Mass Participation in US Sport Wk 5 Comparative Studies

2. Learning Objectives At the end of this lesson you should Understand the reasons for the lack of opportunity and provision for ethnic minorities to take part in a number of different sport, which in turn affects their esteem Understand and describe patterns of mass participation in the USA Outline and discuss recreation initiatives in the USA

3. Buzz Words Armchair spectators Culture Mass participation Opportunity Sensationalised Spectacle Win ethic Americanised

4. Mass Participation Little emphasis on mass participation except for jogging and gym culture Most adults have little opportunity take part in sport as it is too elitists How is this different from the UK? [4]

5. Armchair spectators

6. A Spectator Society The USA has some of the most highly paid and high profile players in the world Television channels show a variety of different sports which has create a culture of armchair spectators Start times are geared to suit the audience Games are of a high intensity and tend to be sensationalised They are more than just a game, they are a spectacle

7. Opportunity for Children Lots of opportunity for children at the bottom of the performance pyramid Little leagues (7 – 16 years) lots of different sports coached by volunteers Win ethic is prevalent even at this level – lots of parental pressure!!! Compare the opportunity that children in the US have with your own experience

8. American Influence on the UK We have become slightly Americanised What does this mean, give examples to support your answer? Discuss in groups and feed back

9. Worksheet Complete worksheet 2.8 with your partner and feed back. You have 6 mins

10. Lost Opportunity Lots of chances within school but little chance once they have left unless they continue with further education Very limited clubs or facilities for adults unless they are elite performers No tradition of private sports clubs (golf being the only exception)

11. Title IX A law passed in 1972 to provide women with the same opportunities to take part in sport as men Aimed to : provide equal facilities for women and men Provide athletic scholarships to promising female athletes provide more opportunity for women to take part in competitive sport

12. Title IX - results More women taking part in sport on the USA More medals being won by American females than ever before More sports available to women e.g. football Women still tend not to participate in gridiron football, but engage in athletics (track & field) and sports such as volleyball.

13. Question Discuss the benefits of increased female participation for US sport? [6]

14. Decline in PE In recent years the USA has aimed to increase participation levels to try and improve fitness levels of the population. PE was no longer compulsory after 1970 as it was seen as expensive to run demanding specialist facilities NASPE (national association of sport and PE) warned that participation in PE would drop to below 60% by the end of the last century

15. PE was sacrificed by initiative such as ‘no child left behind’ where pupils academic progress was the focus and PE was seen as wasted time! Such factors led to 80% of pupils (in Caifornia) unable to meet the basic standards of the fitnessgram assessment

16. What's being done?! $60miilion has been invested to physical education for progress(PEP) It aims to improve quality and quantity of PE from kindergarten to grade 12 ( equivalent to yr 13 ) Grant can be obtained to train teachers, purchase equipment and develop the curriculum etc. Title IX was also created to increase participation

17. Adapted PE Federal law states that disabled student must have access to a PE programme Games and equipment should be modified to meet their needs Disabled students should be provided with the opportunity to integrate into mainstream curriculum to raise awareness Similarly, in the UK PESSYP strategy has pledged an additional £100million which aim to,...

18. What is being done to promote PE, sport sand PA in the USA Initiatives to promote PE, school sport an physical activity The state high school athletic association 9organisess inter mural high school sport The national intra mural recreation and sports association organises recreational sport across the USA Title IX (increases female participation) P.E for progress (aims to improve the quantity of PE )