1. Project: Study of radiative and thermal physical properties of the snow-ice cover (drifting and land fast ice, glaciers) in the Spitsbergen archipelago area. Andreev O.M. (AARI)

2. Tasks of the project: Conducting a number of natural observations of Spitsbergen archipelago snow-ice cover parameters, which are necessary for making of mathematical model. Developing of sea ice cover model, especial for Spitsbergen archipelago conditions. Testing adequacy of model work according to real data. Comparison of developed model which analogous famous models by the example of test calculations. Determination of model blocks, needed in further improvement.

3. The special one-dimensional thermodynamic model of snow-ice cover for conditions of the Spitsbergen Archipelago area

6. Turbulent flux of sensible and latent heat.

7. Short-wave heat flux

8. Penetrating solar radiation.

9. The values of solar radiation, penetrating on 10 cm horizon (in % from surface) for measurements in 2002-2004 (points) and calculating (line) for formula

10. Thermal-physical properties of sea ice and snow.

12. The salinity of sea ice and heat flux from water, using in model.

13. The temperature and relative humidity of air measuring in Barentsburg meteostation in 2003 The wind velosity (m/s) in the area of Barentsburg (2003). The air temperature ( 0 C) in the area of Barentsburg (2003).

14. The temperature and relative humidity of air measuring in Ny-Alesund meteostation in 2004 Temperature of air ( 0 C) in the area of Ny-Alesund (2004). The relative humidity of air (%) in the area of Ny-Alesund (2004).

15. The wind velocity and cloud amount measuring in Ny- Alesund meteostation in 2004 The cloud amount (ball) in the area of Ny-Alesund (2004). The wind velocity (m/s) in the area of Ny-Alesund (2004).

16. Calculations by the one-dimensional nonstationary thermodynamic model of sea ice with using real meteorological data of Gronfjord (2003) and Kongsfjord (2004). Calculated after the model and observed thickness of snow and fast ice in Gronfjord (2003 y.) Calculated after the model and observed thickness of snow and fast ice in Kongsfjord (2004 y.) 1 – calculated fast ice thickness; 2 – calculated snow thickness; 3 – measured ice thickness; 4 – measured snow thickness.

17. ANOTHER MODELS, USING IN OUR RESEACH

21. The fast ice thickness in Kongsfjord (area of Ny- Alesund, 2004y.), calculated from a number of models. 1 – fast ice thickness calculated from our model; 2 – fast ice thickness calculated from MU model; 3 – fast ice thickness calculated from Ebert and Curry model; 4 – fast ice thickness calculated from Doronin model; 5 – fast ice thickness calculated from Zeebe et al model; 6 – measured fast ice thickness.

22. The model blocks, which need to be subsequently improve: Block of determination of heat flux from underice water. Block of determination of snow and sea ice cover albedo. Block of determination of extinction and transmission coefficients of solar radiation for sea ice. Block of determination of vertical distribution of sea ice salinity.

23. CONCLUSIONS: Unique investigations of snow and ice cover characteristics from Spitsbergen archipelago were carrying out. Mathematical, especially for Spitsbergen archipelago conditions, one-dimensional thermodynamic model of sea ice was elaborated. The developed one-dimensional non-stationary thermodynamic model of sea ice fully adequate reproduces evolution of fast ice thickness in Kongsfjorden gulf (area of Ny-Alesund, West Spitsbergen) and Gronfjord gulf (area of Barentsburg). Taking into account water heat flux for model calculations of evolution of fast ice thickness in Kongsfjorden gulf is necessary. The developed one-dimensional non-stationary thermodynamic model of sea ice more really shows changing of fast ice thickness in Kongsfjorden gulf, then another well known famous thermodynamic models of sea ice.