1. Consciousness
Sleep
& Dreams

2. Consciousness
The awareness or perception of the environment and of one's own mental processes.

3. William James Consciousness is
... Always Changing - "No state once gone can recur and be identical with what it was before."
... A Personal Experience – I cannot experience your conscious experience.
... Continuous - our awareness is not broken into pieces, and there are no gaps. "Consciousness then does not appear to itself chopped up in bits...It is nothing jointed; it flows. A river or stream is most naturally described. In talking of it hereafter, let us call it the stream of thought, of consciousness..."
... Selective - awareness is a matter of making choices, of selecting what to attend to and what to ignore.
On introspection:"The attempt at introspective analysis in these cases is in fact like seizing a spinning top to catch its motion, or trying to turn up the gas quickly enough to see how the darkness looks."

4. (Criticized for not being scientific)
Introspection
Exploring conscious mental processes by looking inward and reporting on sensation and perception.
(Criticized for not being scientific)

5. The Continuum of Consciousness
Controlled Processes
Automatic Processes
Daydreaming
Altered States
Sleep and Dreams
Unconscious/Preconscious (Subconscious)
Unconsciousness

6. Controlled Processes
Activities that require full awareness, alertness, and concentration.
Example: Talking on phone while driving.

7. Automatic Processes Require little awareness/minimal
attention, and do not
interfere with other activities.
Examples
Eating while watching a movie
Driving a car along a familiar
road while listening to the radio

8. Daydreaming Requires low level of awareness
Often occurs during automatic processes
Involves fantasizing or dreaming while awake

9. Daydreaming begins in a
relatively
conscious state
then drifts
into a state between
sleep and
wakefulness.
Daydreams often serve
to remind
us of important things
in our
future.

10. Altered States
State of awareness that differ from normal consciousness.
(Meditation, Hypnosis, Psychoactive drugs and Sleep deprivation)

11. Sleep:
Five stages of various levels of awareness, consciousness, and responsiveness, as well as different levels of physiological arousal.
Dreaming:
State of consciousness in which we are asleep but experience visual, auditory, and tactile images, often connected in strange ways and often in color.

12. Total lack of sensory awareness and responsiveness.
Unconsciousness `
Total lack of sensory awareness and responsiveness.