1. History of Canada Notes How nationalism spread through Canada

2. Canada Remember that both France and Britain settled in Canada. Each country set down roots that are still evident today. Let’s turn now to the War of 1812…………….

3. War of 1812 One aspect of the war was that the French and British worked together against the US who tried to invade Canada War resulted in a draw, but it defined the US- Canadian border & increased a sense of Canadian nationalism Both French Canadians & English Canadians joined to protect their land—they were more united than ever before

4. 1812: British and French Canadians unite to protect from U.S. expansion. Boundary established. How Canada Won Freedom

5. After the War of 1812 French Canadians & British Canadians realized that they hated being under British rule They thought that Great Britain was too far away to understand their economic & political needs

6. Canadians restless about being ruled by Great Britain

7. Province of Canada 1837—Canadians began to rebel against British control. They wanted self rule. (Nationalism)

8. 1837: Canadians rebel against British control.

9. British North America Act (1867) 1867-British North America Act: created a federation union of Canada Joined four colonies (Quebec, Ontario, New Brunswick, & Nova Scotia) 4 colonies became Provinces joined by a unifying constitution - Britain accepted the agreement because they were glad to be rid of the responsibility of protecting the colonies (expensive)

11. Confederation formed.

12. Results of the British North America Act Allowed each region to sell goods more easily to one another Improved trade helped the economy Soon there was enough money to build a railroad across the country Transcontinental Railroad was built in 1886 & people could now easily travel from the Atlantic Ocean to Pacific Ocean

13. Canadians unite to trade with each other.

14. Canadians build Transcontinental Railway to Pacific Coast

16. Expanding Canada Soon, 3 new provinces & 1 territory were created: Manitoba, British Columbia, Prince Edward Island, and the Northwest Territories

17. New eastern and western provinces added to confederation

18. Results of the Railroad: Increased shipment of goods across the country Increased travel from coast to coast Created new provinces & territories Increased Canadian nationalism Before the railroad, most people only thought of themselves as belonging to their province; after they felt as if they were part of one country

19. Railroad unites all Canadians. People and ideas moving coast to coast.

20. Transcontinental Railroad

21. Yukon GOLD was discovered along the western coast of Canada in 1896 Canada’s government created Yukon territory in 1898 to meet the needs of the area’s growing population

23. Gold Rush increases Canada’s population.

24. Canada & WWI Canada still had close ties with Britain & felt they should contribute in the fight against Germany Sent military forces, raw materials, and food to Europe Canada’s contribution changed the way the world viewed it Canada was now a union that was able to compete with world powers WWI increased Canadian nationalism

25. Canada is admired by the world for their service in WWI.

27. Canada stretches from east to west….10 provinces and 3 territories.

28. Can you see how Canada would want self rule?

29. Independence at last! In 1931, The British Parliament granted independence to Canada. But it was only in 1982, that final links were severed between the Canadian government and the British Parliament.

30. FYI: Nunavut (1999) In the 1970s, Inuit wanted to create a territory called Nunavut because: Wanted their own territory so that they could start making decisions for themselves. They needed their own government. Wanted control of their land—for many years Canada had used the resources of the Arctic without asking the Inuit Inuit still live the same way that their ancestors did—they use traditional methods for survival