1. Source: Margerum, Richard D. Author of: Beyond Consensus: Improving Collaborative Planning & Management. 2011. MIT Press Overview  Completed introduction  Now discussing process of reaching agreements –Convening –Facilitation –Communication –Building consensus  Assessment factors in Margerum (Table 3.1)

2. Source: Margerum, Richard D. Author of: Beyond Consensus: Improving Collaborative Planning & Management. 2011. MIT Press Convening Characteristics Legitimate Broker Problem Context Selection & Structuring Attractive Forum Community Context Approach

3. Source: Margerum, Richard D. Author of: Beyond Consensus: Improving Collaborative Planning & Management. 2011. MIT Press Can’t specify the factors trump others Push ForcesAttractive Forces http://www.davidgrewcock.com/Documentary/boy-pushing-donkey http://achievedstrategies.com/blog/wp- content/uploads/2010/12/magnet_talent_peopleXSmall.jp g Examples: Mandate to collaborate Fear of not being at table Examples: Common vision Opportunity to solve conflict

4. Source: Margerum, Richard D. Author of: Beyond Consensus: Improving Collaborative Planning & Management. 2011. MIT Press Scenarios and Discussion  United Way and funding cuts  Conflicts in a rural subdivision  Town conflict over new vs old economy  Powerful state environment agency

5. Source: Margerum, Richard D. Author of: Beyond Consensus: Improving Collaborative Planning & Management. 2011. MIT Press Other Discussion Points  How can stakeholder selection work?  Where do you find a legitimate broker?  What makes a forum attractive?  Can you mandate collaboration?  Individual vs. Systematic Convening

6. Source: Margerum, Richard D. Author of: Beyond Consensus: Improving Collaborative Planning & Management. 2011. MIT Press Context: Problem  Opportunities for win-win scenarios (United Way Scenario)  Power symmetry (United Way and State EPA Scenarios)  Less heterogeneity of problem (Rock City and State EPA Scenarios)

7. Source: Margerum, Richard D. Author of: Beyond Consensus: Improving Collaborative Planning & Management. 2011. MIT Press Context: Community  Strong social capital (Rabbit Estates Scenario)  Less belief differences (Rock City Scenario)  Economic interlinkage limitations (Rock City and State EPA Scenarios)  Problem attention  Institutional complexity

8. Source: Margerum, Richard D. Author of: Beyond Consensus: Improving Collaborative Planning & Management. 2011. MIT Press Legitimate Broker  Respect and neutrality  Connections and networks (Rabbit Estate Scenario)  Resources to initiate (State EPA Scenario)

9. Source: Margerum, Richard D. Author of: Beyond Consensus: Improving Collaborative Planning & Management. 2011. MIT Press Selection and Structuring  Insulated from politics  Range of representatives  Lay–technical communication

10. Source: Margerum, Richard D. Author of: Beyond Consensus: Improving Collaborative Planning & Management. 2011. MIT Press Attractive Forum  Stalemate: existing setting unacceptable (State EPA Scenario)  Benefits exceed costs of participation (State EPA Scenario)  Financial incentives  Mandate (State EPA Scenario)