2. Sexual Violence in War Exploring the Context of Historical Silence Jill Trenholm RN PhD International Maternal and Child Health and The Centre for Gender Research Uppsala University All photos are from Google images

3. Aims To explore the factors that contribute to the historical silence surrounding sexual violence in war. To reveal the structures, ideologies and perceptions that condone, legitimize, and support the raping of women as a weapon of war.

8. Impact : Multiple burdens mental/physical trauma stigma/marginalisation lack of health care impaired caring capacity impact on livelihood unwanted pregnancies abortion consequences HIV, infertility, STI’s...

9. Theories of War Rape Gender Construction as an Overarching Theme

10. Misogyny Magnified

11. The Changing Nature of Warfare

12. The Constant of Chaos

13. Displaced Populations

14. Women’s Body as Allegorical of the Nation

16. Culture/Traditions

17. Military Culture

18. Masculinity Personified

19. Atmosphere of Impunity

20. Rape as a weapon of war in the global political economy

21. Sexual violence in war plays a unique and strategic role whose enablers are gendered and deeply rooted in our cultures and societies. Concluding Remarks

22. Understanding the complexities of war rape can reveal opportunities for prevention as well as humanitarian and public health interventions that are considerate of the actual needs of all war survivors.

23. What lies behind us and what lies before us are tiny matters compared to what lies within us. Ralph Waldo Emerson

24. Thank-you for listening