1. SOCI3055A STUDIES IN ADDICTIONS February 27, 2007 INTERVENTIONS Treatment, Help & Recovery

2. Overview Readings L. Shavelson (2001). “Intake” in Hooked. Five Addicts Challenge Our Misguided Drug Rehab System. New York: The New Press. pp. 9-21. Boyd, S. (2004). “A Sociological Perspective of Drug Use and Treatment” in From Witches to Crack Moms. Women, Drug Law, and Policy. North Carolina: Carolina Academic Press. pp. 155-202. Christie, T., J. Anderson (2003). “Drug treatment courts are popular but do they work and are they ethical and appropriate for Canada?”. Health Law in Canada. 23(4). pp. 70-79.

3. Class outline (1)Group projects (2)Defining treatment, help & recovery (3)Forms of treatment (4)Accessing treatment (5)Is treatment effective? (6)Tara Lyons - Drug treatment courts

4. (1) Group Projects PRESENTATION AIM: Present an in-depth understanding of an addictions topic. PRESENTATION:15-20 minutes QUESTIONS: 5-10 minutes PROBLEM: Identify an addictions problem on our campus, in our city, in our country

5. ADDRESS:Causes of the problem Consequences of the problem Interventions PERSPECTIVES:User Society/culture Service providers Decision/policy makers FORMAT: Be creative! Think outside the box!!

6. PAPER SOURCES:Minimum 12 sources (8 peer reviewed, 4 grey literature) DUE:April 3, 2007 GRADING:Written (15%), Oral (10%)

7. PEER GRADING When you submit your paper, also submit (individually) your ranking of the participation (both quantity and quality) of each member of your group, including yourself. Answer the following 3 questions: (1) identify the members of your group, (2) rank each member on a scale of 1 to 5, with 1 being the lowest grade, and (3) provide reasoning for your assigned grade to each group member.

8. (2) Defining Treatment, Help & Recovery

9. ADDICTION: A primary, chronic disease, characterized by impaired control over the use of a psychoactive substance and/or behaviour. Clinically, the manifestations occur along biological, psychological, sociological and spiritual dimensions. Common features are change in mood, relief from negative emotions, provision of pleasure, pre- occupation with the use of substance(s) or ritualistic behaviour(s); and continued use of the substance(s) and/or engagement in behaviour(s) despite adverse physical, psychological and/or social consequences. Like other chronic diseases, it can be progressive, relapsing and fatal. Canadian Society of Addiction Medicine. (1999, October 14). Definitions in addiction medicine. Retrieved August 10, 2006, from http://www.csam.org/def.htm#991014http://www.csam.org/def.htm#991014

10. Addiction as …  A disease  Not a disease  A habit …

11.  Cedar Lodge: http://www.cedarlodge.org/http://www.cedarlodge.org/  Centre for Addiction and Mental Health: http://www.camh.net/care_treatment/  Nimkee Nupigawagan Healing Centre: http://www.nimkee.ca/ http://www.nimkee.ca/

12. (3) Forms of Treatment  Types of approaches to the treatment of alcohol and other drug problems  Empirical-based 1. Psychosocial approaches Cognitive behavioural treatment Structured relapse prevention Brief intervention Motivational interviewing Community reinforcement approach Behavioural marital therapy Self-help/Minnesota model

13. The 12 Suggested Steps of Alcoholics Anonymous 1.We admitted we were powerless over alcohol--that our lives had become unmanageable. 2.Came to believe that a Power greater than ourselves could restore us to sanity. 3.Made a decision to turn our will and our lives over to the care of God as we understood Him. 4.Made a searching and fearless moral inventory of ourselves. 5.Admitted to God, to ourselves and to another human being the exact nature of our wrongs. 6.Were entirely ready to have God remove all these defects of character.

14. Source: ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS. The Story of How Many Thousands of Men and Women Have Recovered from Alcoholism (Second Edition) ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS PUBLISHING (1955). pp. 59-60. 7.Humbly asked Him to remove our shortcomings. 8.Made a list of all persons we had harmed, and became willing to make amends to them all. 9.Made direct amends to such people wherever possible, except when to do so would injure them or others. 10.Continued to take personal inventory and when we were wrong promptly admitted it. 11.Sought through prayer and meditation to improve our conscious contact with God, as we understood Him, praying only for knowledge of His will for us and the power to carry that out. 12.Having had a spiritual awakening as the result of these steps, we tried to carry this message to alcoholics, and to practice these principles in all our affairs.

15. 2. Pharmacological approaches 3. Other approaches Example: Jean Tweed Centre http://www.jeantweed.com/Programs%20&%20Servic es.htm http://www.jeantweed.com/Programs%20&%20Servic es.htm (3) Forms of Treatment Continued

16. “By viewing negative drug use as an individual pathology, we lose sight of cultural differences and of people’s diverse experiences” (Boyd, pp. 200).

17. “Finding Normal” http://www.cbc.ca/national/news/normal/

18. (4) Accessing Treatment  CCSA Treatment Database: http://www.ccsa.ca/CCSA/EN/Addiction_Da tabases/TreatmentServicesForm.htm http://www.ccsa.ca/CCSA/EN/Addiction_Da tabases/TreatmentServicesForm.htm  NNADAP Treatment Database: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fnih- spni/substan/ads/nnadap-pnlaada_dir- rep_e.html http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fnih- spni/substan/ads/nnadap-pnlaada_dir- rep_e.html

19. (5) Is Treatment Effective? Hypothetical situation: A close family member has a problem with alcohol, and they have agreed to enter a treatment program. It is your responsibility to find them one. What types of questions should you ask about the programs you locate?

20. Ways of Evaluating Treatment Services & Systems  Needs assessment  Process evaluation  Client satisfaction  Economic evaluation  Outcome evaluation

21. (6) Drug Treatment Courts – Tara Lyons  Therapeutic jurisprudence  Mandatory and coerced treatment?