1. Section 2.4 Enzymatic reactions
Formative assessment

2. 1. An enzyme is what type of molecule?
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Nucleic acid
Protein
Sugar

3. 2. Cells need enzymes because they:
Speed up chemical reactions for their particular substrate
Act as biological (organic) catalysts
Lower activation energy, making the reaction more likely to start
A and B
A, B, and C

4. 3. Activation energy is :
Chemical potential energy stored in the substrate
Chemical potential energy stored in the product
Energy released after the chemical reaction
Energy needed to start the chemical reaction
Energy needed to allow the substrate to bind to the active site.

5. 5. Which part of the graph shows the activation energy for the enzyme catalyzed reaction?B C D C B D A

6. 6. The part of an enzyme where substrate binds is?
Product
Active site
Enzyme substrate complex
Protein
Sugar

7. 7. All enzymes require an optimal pH, salt concentration, and temperature because under other conditions the protein may _____?
Be denatured.
Be converted to a carbohydrate.
Be broken down to amino acids.
Be converted to a lipid.
Be too active as a catalyst.

8. 8. Which is(are) the reactants of the chemical reaction described in this chemical equation ? C12H22O H2O C6H12O6
C12H22O11
C12H22O11 & H2O
C6H12O6
H2O and C6H12O6
C12H22O11 & H2O & C6H12O6

9. 9. When they are bound to an enzyme, the reactants of a chemical equation are called:
Products
Active sites
Substrates

10. 10 Enzymes are specific types of which biological macromolecule?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic acids

11. 11 The molecule on which an enzyme acts:
Catalyst
Substrate
Metabolism
Homeostasis

12. 12 Enzymes stop functioning if:
They act on a substrate
They become denatured due to improper pH or temperature
They catalyze too many reactions
They bind with the wrong substrate

13. 13 When proteins, such as enzymes, lose their specific shape they have become __________.
Passive
Endothermic
Exothermic
Denatured

14. 14 What is the optimum pH for the enzyme pepsin, the stomach enzyme that digests protein?
2.5 5
6.5
pepsin
trypsin

15. 15 What is the optimum pH for the enzyme trypsin, the small intestinal enzyme that digests protein?
2.5 5
6.5
pepsin
trypsin

16. 16 Examine the graph of enzyme activity versus temperature, then choose the most probable explanation of the data.
The enzyme whose rate is shown in blue has optimal activity at 37°C but is denatured at 4°C
The enzyme shown in red has a optimal temperature of 37°C, but is denatured at 4°C
The organism which uses the enzyme shown in blue is likely to be a mammal, but the enzyme shown in green is likely an extremophile bacterium that lives in a geyser
The enzyme shown in red has an optimal temperature of 37°C, but is denatured at 95°C and has too little activation energy at 4 °C

17. 17 Why won’t the enzyme that breaks down sucrose also break down maltose?
Organisms who eat sucrose don’t eat maltose
Maltose is rare
The enzyme that breaks down sucrose is denatured at the pH where maltose is active
The substrate maltose has the wrong shape so can’t fit the active site of the sucrose digesting enzyme

18. 18 Lactase is likely:
An enzyme that digests lactose
A carbohydrate found in milk
A protein found in milk
An enzyme that digests sucrose

19. 19 Which is NOT true of all enzymes?
All enzymes have an optimal pH of 7 & optimal temperature of 37°C
All enzymes are specific for a particular substrate because of the shape of the active site
All enzymes are re-useable unless they become denatured
All enzymes can be denatured when physical conditions are extremely different from their normal conditions

20. Building Macromolecules
Polymer – large biomolecules made by linking together a large number of the same type of subunit
Monomer- small molecule that is a subunit of a polymer (building blocks)
Chemical reactions link monomers together to build polymers or break down polymers into monomers
Enzymes help speed up these reactions!!

21. Organic Macromolecules (Polymers)
MONOMER
POLYMER
Amino Acid
Protein
Sugar
(monosaccharide)
Carbohydrate
(polysaccharide)
Nucleotide
Nucleic Acid

22. https://www. youtube. com/watch
potato catalase enzyme activity lab video—pH
Enter Answer Text

23. Polymers are large biomolecules made of repeated subunits called
Enzymes
Sugars
Monomers
Proteins