1. WHAT’S THE MATTER?

2. MATTER VIDEO – 22 MIN  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdEmxInegfQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdEmxInegfQ

3. EVERYTHING AROUND YOU IS MADE OF MATTER.

4. MATTER – ANYTHING THAT HAS MASS AND TAKES UP SPACE

5. WHAT ARE A FEW EXAMPLES OF THINGS THAT ARE NOT MATTER?  Heat, Light, Sound-have no mass and do not take up space.

6. MATTER HAS 4 STATES

8. SOLIDS  Hold their own shape  Have weight  Take up space

9. LIQUIDS  Take the shape of their container  Have weight  Take up space

10. GASES  Spread out to fill the entire space given  Have weight  Take up space

11. PLASMA  Is a lot like gas, but the particles are electrically charged  Lightning is a plasma  Plasma also used in fluorescent light bulbs and neon lights

12. HOW CAN MATTER MOVE FROM STATE TO STATE?

13. ANSWER: CHANGES IN ENERGY!

14. PARTICLES IN SOLIDS  Packed tightly together  Have very little energy

15. PARTICLES IN LIQUIDS  Loosely packed together  Have medium energy levels

16. PARTICLES IN GASES  Move freely  Have LOTS of energy

17. PARTICLE MOVEMENT IN THE DIFFERENT STATES OF MATTER Particles in Motion

18. “HOLD STILL!”  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sLSpXaokFkc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sLSpXaokFkc

19. “AFRO CIRCUS” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p440QWpHui8  Assign three students to each hold a poster with the three states of matter. (Solid, Liquid, Gas)  When Zebra is dancing at a fast pace the person with gas poster must wave it around quickly / dance.  When Zebra is dancing normal wave the liquid poster at a normal speed / slower dance.  When Zebra is dancing at a slow pace wave the solid poster at a slow speed / slow motion dance.

20. BASED ON THE VIDEO, WHICH IS A SOLID, LIQUID, AND GAS?

21. LIQUID GAS SOLID

22. PARTICLES IN PLASMA  Electrically charged  Have EXTREMELY high energy levels

23. IDENTIFY THE 4 STATES OF MATTER

24. SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA

25. “THEY MIGHT BE GIANTS”  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=btGu9FWSPtc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=btGu9FWSPtc

26. DIFFUSION: RANDOM MOVEMENT OF MOLECULES

27. DIFFUSION: RANDOM MOVEMENT OF MOLECULES.  From high to low concentrations

28. WHY DO SUBSTANCES ALWAYS FLOW FROM HIGH CONCENTRATIONS TO LOW CONCENTRATIONS ?

29. ANSWER! KINETIC MOVEMENT OF MOLECULES CAUSES PARTICLES TO MOVE TO OPEN AREAS

30. HEAT DIFFUSION THROUGH A ROOM

31. ACTIVITY! MAKING THE ROOM SMELL GOOD. TEACHER WILL STAND IN ONE PLACE AND RELEASE SOME SPRAY. RAISE YOUR HAND WHEN YOU SMELL IT! WHAT ARE THE MOLECULES DOING?

32. ANSWER: THE MOLECULES ARE TRYING TO REACH EQUILIBRIUM

33. MATTER IN MIXTURES  Mixtures are two or more substances which have been combined such that each substance retains its own chemical properties.  Example: flour and sugar mixed together, trail mix, chex mix

34. MATTER IN COMPOUNDS  Compounds are two or more substances that when combined have different chemical properties than they do by themselves.  Example: Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas combine to form water molecules, H2O

35. MIXTURES  May be in different phases, solid, liquid, gas, or plasma

36. ADD OR SUBTRACT ENERGY…

37. WHEN WE ADD ENERGY, WHAT WILL HAPPEN? WHY?

38. SOLID + ENERGY= ?

39. LIQUID + ENERGY= ?

40. CHANGING STATES  There are several names for when matter changes states:  State Change  Phase Change  Physical Change

41. CHANGING STATES  All matter can move from one state to another.  It may require extreme temperatures or extreme pressures, but it can be done.

42. CHANGING STATES Chemistry TermPhase Change  Fusion/Melting  Freezing  Vaporization/Boiling  Condensation  Sublimation  Deposition  Solid to Liquid  Liquid to Solid  Liquid to Gas  Gas to Liquid  Solid to Gas  Gas to Solid

43. ARE WE GETTING SOMETHING NEW?  Ice cream and melted ice cream?  Chocolate and melted chocolate?  Ice, water, and vapor?  Steel and molten steel?  Answer: No! These changes are only physical and do not change the chemical composition of these things (they are still made up of the same “stuff”)

44. CHEMICAL VS. PHYSICAL CHANGES  Chemical changes happen on a molecular level when you have two or more molecules that interact.  Chemical changes happen when atomic bonds are broken or created during chemical reactions.  Example: Water is created when a bond forms between Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms (see image below)  Will learn more about atoms and bonding later

45. LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER DEMO  Weigh Alka-Seltzer and water solution tablet in grams _____  Weigh 100 ml of water in grams ______  Pour water into sandwich size Zip-Lock bag.  Predict the mass if we add Alka-Seltzer to the water bag and immediately seal the bag.  Predict the mass if we add Alka-Seltzer to the water bag and don’t seal the bag.

46. Solid Liquid Gas

47. ACTIVITY! LAW CONSERVATION OF MATTER SECURE A BIRTHDAY CANDLE TO A PETRI- DISH AND WEIGH ALL. LIGHT CANDLE ON A SCALE AND RECORD THE WEIGHT OF THE CANDLE EVERY MINUTE FOR 10 MINUTES

48. LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER - IN ANY PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL CHANGE, MATTER IS NEITHER CREATED NOR DESTROYED.

49. EXAMPLE OF LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER