1. ECOSYSTEM APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ICES cooperative research report

2. Strong links between managers,users and scientists the 6 Malawi principles 5 points on management Move to the Ecosystem approach is an evolutionary process Management should be supported by scientific coordinated programmes

3. From a single use, to multiple uses of marine ecosystem Multiple impacts of most human activities, and global change including land-based activities, Healthy ecosystem with all the definitions function of the users, stakeholders and the scientific disciplins, Management objectives needed to be supportedby ecological objectives determined by operational objectives,

4. At a regional scale, Define: A review of the ecological status Description of the ecosystem approach Criteria for selecting objectives, indicators, limits, targets Recommendations for management methods Recommendations for assessment, monitoring and scientific research Methods of measuring progress towards implementation

5. Ecosystem approach: drivers Sustainable development Convention on Biological Diversity Humans are key players in the ecosystem Comprehensive integrated management of humau activities on the best available scientific knowledge to maintain or restore, on a long term basis, the marine ecosystem health in relation with the linkage with the terrestrial activities andthe balance with socio economical activities

6. Management region defined in agreement with their ecological reality Defined by the localisation of the human activities

7. OPERATIONNAL OBJECTIVES Specific Measurable Achievable Realistic Time bound

8. INDICATORS Measurable Cost-effective Concrete Interpretable Grounded in theory Sensitive Responsive Specific

9. MANAGEMENT Adaptive management Management structures Management tools: Input controls, Output controls, Spatial and temporal distribution controls, Integrated planning tools, Remediation tools, Remediation tools, Economic incentives

10. Application of the Ecosystem Approach at a regional scale 1 Scoping the current situation 2 Contrasting with the vision 3 Important ecosystem properties and threats 4 Setting ecological objectives 5 Operationnal objectives with indicators and reference points 6 Ongoing management 7 Periodic updates